?perturbation

perturbation發(fā)音

[.pə:tə'beiʃən]

英：　　美：

perturbation中文意思翻譯

n. 擾動(dòng)(微擾, 波動(dòng), 破壞, 攝動(dòng))

perturbation詞形變化

形容詞: perturbational |

perturbation常見例句

1 、I don't have a problem with it necessarily, but it seems to perturb your coworkers.─── 我是沒什么問題的 那一定是 似乎擾亂了你的同事

2 、A tiny change, a tiny perturbation in a complex system can have enormous and unpredictable consequences in a fairly short time.─── 一個(gè)復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)中的微小改變或微小擾亂 會(huì)在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)產(chǎn)生巨大的 不可預(yù)測(cè)的后果

3 、In addition, the numerical modeling of the propagation is made constant for the Ti: LiNbO3 with the Marcatili's approximation and the first-order perturbation.───并用馬卡提里近似下的模式作為零級(jí)近似。

4 、A perturbation in pressure at the upstream end of the feed system could result in sizable oscillations in flow rate and chamber pressure.───供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)上游端的壓力擾動(dòng)可導(dǎo)致相當(dāng)?shù)牧髁亢褪覊赫袷帯?/p>

5 、An improvement was made in the optimization method for the forward gain of Yagi-Uda antenna through adjusting the inter-element spacing by tierative perturbation.───就文獻(xiàn)中八木天線前向增益優(yōu)化的單元間距微擾迭代法 ,提出了一種改進(jìn)的處理方法。

6 、Sunny left behind so many enemies, perturbs me to think what might happen if one ever got their hands on his child.─── 桑尼樹立了那么多敵人 一想到萬(wàn)一 被他們抓到他的兒子 我就很不安

7 、Bauer-Fike has giver a estimate of eigenualues for a diagonallzation matixwith a perturbation.───在矩陣可對(duì)角化條件下，Baner－Fike已給出了一個(gè)特征值擾動(dòng)的估計(jì)式。

8 、The generation of effective perturbation is one of the major problems in ensemble forecasting.───可用擾動(dòng)的產(chǎn)生是集合預(yù)報(bào)的主要問題之一。

9 、In a calculation that would thrill any college junior studying classical mechanics, Lorenzo Iorio of Italy's National Institute of Nuclear Physics used perturbation theory.───其中一份是由義大利國(guó)家原子物理研究所的埃歐里歐（LorenzoIorio）以微擾理論來(lái)計(jì)算，其結(jié)果會(huì)令所有研究古典力學(xué)的大學(xué)生大吃一驚。

10 、Read Chap. 5 of your text book to complement our discussion of Heavy Mesons in Chiral Perturbation theory.───10閱讀教材第五章以補(bǔ)充關(guān)于手征微擾理論中重介子的討論。

11 、Nothing that other saints do or say can ever perturb the one who is built on God.───其他的信徒說(shuō)什么做什么，再也無(wú)法影響一個(gè)建造在神里面的人。

12 、Some modifications in multiconfiguration perturbation theory[J].───引用該論文 何原,劉彥允,馮安平,李娟.

13 、Read Georgi Chap. 4 and Chap. 5 to complement our Chiral Perturbation theory discussion this week.───10閱讀Georgi的第四、五章，補(bǔ)充本周手征微擾理論的討論。

14 、Well, the city defines liability as any asserted or nonasserted perturbation by any qualifying party.─── 根據(jù)政府定義 負(fù)債是指由任何有資質(zhì)當(dāng)事方引起的 任何確定及不確定的擾動(dòng)

15 、The ionic of univalent ionic crystals is dealt with as non-harmonic oscillator, revised value of perturbation term on energy level is obtained by using perturbation theory.───將單價(jià)離子晶體的離子進(jìn)行非諧振子處理,利用微擾理論求解微擾項(xiàng)對(duì)能級(jí)的修正值,與經(jīng)典結(jié)果比較,這種量子方法計(jì)算出的單價(jià)離子晶體結(jié)合能更為精確。

16 、In the TAF experiment, vowel production exhibited a compensatory response for a perturbation in the feedback sound.───變形聽覺反饋實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果證實(shí)了對(duì)于反饋聲音中的攝動(dòng)元音生成系統(tǒng)作出了補(bǔ)償性的運(yùn)動(dòng)。

17 、Perturbation Theory IV. Recurrences. Dephasing. Quasi-Degeneracy. Polyads.───17微擾理論IV.循環(huán)。移相。準(zhǔn)簡(jiǎn)并。組合。

18 、My dear friends, your hesitation, oscillation, lament and perturbation cannot equate to thinking, provement and the symbol of maturate.───他們死得光榮，死得偉大，他們的人生價(jià)值是那些碌碌無(wú)為而壽終正寢的人不可比擬的。

19 、Apply the compensator online for adjusting the PID parameter of the controller, to attenuate the parameter perturbation, nonlinear and outer disturbance of the system.───將神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)自適應(yīng)補(bǔ)償器與PID控制器并聯(lián),補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)參數(shù)攝動(dòng)、非線性和外界擾動(dòng)對(duì)系統(tǒng)控制性能的影響,提高系統(tǒng)的魯棒性和抗干擾能力。

20 、With perturbation methods, a new method to analyze the stability of systems with uncertainties was presented by combining theories of uncertainties with finite element methods.───基于矩陣攝動(dòng)法利用模態(tài)理論分析了不確定參數(shù)對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)的影響，提出了一種分析具有不確定參數(shù)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性的方法。

21 、"In chaos theory , the smallest initial perturbation can result in a huge change downstream .───在混沌理論中，最為微小的初始混亂可能導(dǎo)致后續(xù)巨大的下游變化。

22 、They could perturb the system slightly to see how it changed.───他們可以輕微地干擾這個(gè)系統(tǒng)來(lái)觀察相應(yīng)的變化。

23 、From the perturbation equation of the shaker stability, the conditions of self synchronous stable running are derived.───利用振動(dòng)篩的穩(wěn)定性擾動(dòng)方程得到了同步穩(wěn)定運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)條件。

24 、After giving their approximate expressions, we focus on the space-time distribution of perturbation of magnetic field.───在求得其近似解后，著重討論其擾動(dòng)磁場(chǎng)的時(shí)空分布。

25 、Using Biacore and NMR chemical shift perturbation experiments, we studied the binding characteristics of CMS_SH3_B to the C-terminal peptides (Cbl-p) of c-Cbl.───同時(shí)通過Biacore和NMR化學(xué)干擾實(shí)驗(yàn)研究CMS_SH3_B與來(lái)自c-Cb1 C-末端多肽(Cb1-p)的結(jié)合作用。

26 、The goal of quantitative proteomics is to examine all of the changes induced by a certain perturbation in a biological system.───定量蛋白質(zhì)組學(xué)是通過某種方法或技術(shù),對(duì)生物樣品(細(xì)胞、組織或體液等)在某些過程中蛋白質(zhì)的含量進(jìn)行比較分析。

27 、The hepatic toxicity induced by RFP is related to the reduction of energy metabolism in tricarboxylic acid cycle and the perturbation of glucose and lipid metabolism.───利福平；

28 、Perturbation concept is used to demonstrate the mission orbits of LISA, ASTROD, and SOHO.───從擾動(dòng)的觀點(diǎn)看常用的星際軌道 ,包括LISA、ASTROD、SOHO軌道。

29 、The story told in English flows well and exhibits only one very minor jarring note to perturb the dramatic experience.───在技術(shù)上保證了讓觀眾以最小的努力獲取最清晰的信息。

30 、J2 perturbation makes the relative orbit drift in the in-track direction, nutation or procession.───J2攝動(dòng)對(duì)相對(duì)軌道的影響分為相對(duì)軌道構(gòu)形的漂移、相對(duì)軌道平面的章動(dòng)和進(jìn)動(dòng)。

31 、Numerical testifications show that an improved genetic algorithm based on optimal perturbation analysis is feasible and efficient.───基于最佳攝動(dòng)思想提出一種改進(jìn)的遺傳算法，數(shù)值試驗(yàn)表明了該算法的可行性和有效性。

32 、His real perturbation of mind would be best covered and pass concealed under a disguise of pretended lunacy.───在假裝瘋狂的掩護(hù)下,他心神的真正不安倒可以巧妙地遮蓋起來(lái)。

33 、Variational inequalities problem, generalized variational inequality, continuous, monotone, stable solvability, perturbation.───變分不等式，廣義變分不等式，連續(xù)性，單調(diào)性，穩(wěn)定可解性，擾動(dòng)性。

34 、In the regular solution problem of the perturbation equation,the solution of convergence order is important.───在擾動(dòng)方程的正則化求解問題中,解的收斂性估計(jì)是十分重要的。

35 、But... she's perturbed by the high dropout rate, so she decides to start each class with a little jazz.─── 但是 她對(duì)高輟學(xué)率感到不安 所以她打算每節(jié)課都以爵士舞開始

36 、To disturb the composure or calm of; perturb.───使不安；使心亂；使煩惱

37 、Two parametric four-wave-mixing (FWM) processes in Rb atoms are studied separately using perturbation theory.───利用微擾法分別分析了銣原子中兩個(gè)參量四波混頻過程。

38 、Using triaxial-particle-rotor model, a strong perturbation effect of rotation ontransition energies and M1 transitions is investigated.───利用三軸粒子-轉(zhuǎn)子模型研究了轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)對(duì)超形變帶能譜和M1躍過的影響。

39 、The relative permeating rate was introduced to describe the effects of the different physical processes.An asymptotic solution has been obtained by using the perturbation theory.───在模型中引入相對(duì)滲透速度來(lái)刻畫藥物釋放過程中不同機(jī)理的影響,并用攝動(dòng)方法對(duì)方程進(jìn)行了求解。

40 、Based on the perturbation theory, a theoretical model for chainlike molecules is established.───對(duì)鏈狀分子體系用微擾理論建立了理論模型。

41 、Solar perturbation of the lunar orbit.───出差由于太陽(yáng)引力引起的月球軌道運(yùn)動(dòng)的攝動(dòng)

42 、The application of the approach to establishing the small perturbation SVM for a turbofan engine shows its effectiveness.───應(yīng)用該方法建立某型渦扇發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的小偏差狀態(tài)變量模型，具有較高的精度，從而驗(yàn)證了該方法的有效性。

43 、Second-order perturbation theory.───二階微擾理論

44 、A perturbation theory model was set up for calculating vapor liquid equilibrium (VLE).───建立了一個(gè)微擾理論模型來(lái)計(jì)算流體的汽液平衡。

45 、The resulting formulae of the above perturbation operation are higher-order upwind and central PFV schemes.───二階和四階中心PFV格式對(duì)網(wǎng)格Peclet數(shù)的任意值均為正型格式,比常用的二階中心格式優(yōu)越.

46 、Furthermore, the extents of the effects of different kinds of perturbation approaches and different types of parameter uncrtainties on robustness are evaluated and analyzed.───同時(shí)，對(duì)模型中不同類型攝動(dòng)以及不同參數(shù)不確定對(duì)系統(tǒng)魯棒性的影響強(qiáng)弱程度進(jìn)行評(píng)估和分析。

47 、Unexpected changes in the orbit of Uranus led astronomers to deduce that its orbit was subject to gravitational perturbation by an unknown planet.───在天王星的軌道變化導(dǎo)致天文學(xué)家們推斷，它的軌道還受另一個(gè)未知受行星的引力影響。

48 、Unwillingly she met his eyes, defiance and perturbation on her face.───她極不情愿地看著他的眼睛，滿臉反抗和煩亂的神色。

49 、The computation of the rotordynamic coefficients of a multi-stepped annular seal is presented based on the Hirs’ turbulence lubrication theory and the perturbation principle.───基于Hirs紊流潤(rùn)滑模型及攝動(dòng)方法給出了水輪機(jī)多臺(tái)階口環(huán)水封轉(zhuǎn)子動(dòng)力特性的計(jì)算方法；

50 、An example shows that the result by the perturbation bounds method is superior to that of the Routh Criterion.───實(shí)例計(jì)算表明，單向攝動(dòng)界法較勞斯判據(jù)法更為快速、精確。

51 、The effects of WOB fluctuation of drill string on the wellbore trajectory are analyzed by using stochastic finite element method and perturbation equation.───借助隨機(jī)有限元方法和攝動(dòng)方程初步分析了鉆壓波動(dòng)對(duì)井眼軌跡的影響。

52 、The componentwise perturbation analyses of these two kinds of improved algorithms are also given, then the numerical stability of these algorithms are improved.───并且對(duì)這兩種改進(jìn)算法進(jìn)行了基于分量的擾動(dòng)分析，從而證明了它們的穩(wěn)定性。

53 、Because the dynamic of aircraft is a typical singular perturbation system, this makes it more simply to use NDI to solve the problem.───(2)．研究了基于動(dòng)態(tài)逆方法的飛機(jī)系統(tǒng)解耦控制問題，應(yīng)用奇異攝動(dòng)理論對(duì)飛機(jī)動(dòng)態(tài)進(jìn)行時(shí)標(biāo)劃分。

54 、Her sudden appearance did not seem to perturb him in the least.───她的突然出現(xiàn)似乎一點(diǎn)也沒有令他不安。

55 、It was found to have equilibrium geometry with all frequencies real at the second-order M? ller-Plesset perturbation (MP2/aug-cc-pvdz+BF) level.───在二級(jí)微擾理論的計(jì)算下(MP2/aug-cc-pvdz+BF)，體系平衡幾何的頻率計(jì)算值都為正。

56 、They perturb good social order with their lie and propaganda.───他們以謊言和宣傳擾亂良好的社會(huì)秩序。

57 、If you perturb for my quotation, you may go around seeing others, then let ussit down and discuss our quotation.───如果您不安的只是我方的報(bào)價(jià),那么您可以到其它的展臺(tái)去看一看,然后我們還可以再坐下來(lái)討論我方的報(bào)價(jià).

58 、Based on the slow-fast decomposition theory of singular perturbation, the system is decomposed into a fast subsystem and a nonlinear slow subsystem.───基于奇異攝動(dòng)的快慢分解理論，將系統(tǒng)分解為一個(gè)快子系統(tǒng)和一個(gè)降階的非線性慢子系統(tǒng)。

59 、He was making no attempt now to conceal his perturbation.───他已經(jīng)不再企圖掩飾自己的惶恐不安了。

60 、For this reason, the expression values are also passed though a bump map to perturb the surface normals.───因?yàn)檫@個(gè)原因，表達(dá)式數(shù)值也能傳遞給一個(gè)凹凸貼圖，去擾亂表面法線。

61 、With application of perturbation techniq ue, a perturbation stochastic element-free Galerkin method (PSEFGM) in probabili stic structural analysis is constructed.───應(yīng)用攝動(dòng)技術(shù),建立了隨機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)分析的攝動(dòng)隨機(jī)無(wú)網(wǎng)格伽遼金法(PSEFGM)。

62 、Cimicifuga Sun Xiehuo, antidiarrheal, perturbation of blood, Tongqiao.───升麻升陽(yáng)瀉火、止瀉、攝血、通竅。

63 、The delay jitter is mainly due to the perturbation of background traffic in the router.───延遲抖動(dòng)主要是背景流量在邊緣路由器的干擾引起的。

64 、Because of the perturbation, Mars experiences some torque.───因?yàn)橛形_，火星就受到一些轉(zhuǎn)矩的作用。

65 、As special cases, the perturbation Ritz method and perturbation Galerkin method have been structured for solving two practtca~1 examples.───作為本方法的特例,提出攝動(dòng)里茲法及攝動(dòng)伽遼金法,并用它們處理了兩個(gè)實(shí)例。

66 、Then, the nonlinear equation of motion(EOM) is linearized on the condition of little perturbation, and divided into longitudinal and lateral equations.───在此基礎(chǔ)上 ,采用小擾動(dòng)方法將原始的非線性微分方程線性化 ,并將線性化后的方程分為縱向和橫側(cè)向兩組 .

67 、It is very likely that the neural activation related cerebral microcirculatory regulation is overwhelmed by the external CO2 perturbation.───因此經(jīng)由神經(jīng)活化所造成的大腦微循環(huán)調(diào)控很可能會(huì)受到外加二氧化碳的影響及遮蔽。

68 、Like as the Monte-Carlo method, the prediction effects of BGM method also depend on the choice of variable and amplitude of perturbation.───在相對(duì)技巧評(píng)分上,增長(zhǎng)模繁殖法總體上優(yōu)于Monte-Carlo方法。

69 、With matrix perturbation and interval extension, the algorithm for estimating the upper and lower bounds of the interval eigenvalues was developed.───應(yīng)用矩陣攝動(dòng)和區(qū)間擴(kuò)張，提出了估計(jì)特征值上下界的計(jì)算方法。

70 、Perturbation theory of soliton solution for the generalized Landau-Ginzburg-Higgs equation?───廣義Landau-Ginzburg-Higgs方程孤子解的擾動(dòng)理論

71 、The equations defining the zero-order perturbation simply govern the static solution.───定義零級(jí)微擾的方程簡(jiǎn)單地決定了靜態(tài)解。

72 、Transferring this problem into a corresponding multiobjective programming, the optimality conditions of minimal perturbation constraints nonlinear programming are given.───利用把問題歸為一個(gè)相應(yīng)的多目標(biāo)規(guī)劃問題，給出了極小擾動(dòng)約束有效解的最優(yōu)性條件。

73 、The relations of intracavity perturbation and aberration properties of mode are presented.───引入等量擾動(dòng),腔內(nèi)凹鏡對(duì)于腔模的影響大于凸鏡；

74 、Besides, we also discover that LPV consistent with perturbation in tropical area pretty well.───另一方面，我們也發(fā)現(xiàn)層位渦也與在熱帶地區(qū)的擾動(dòng)有相當(dāng)一致的表現(xiàn)。

75 、Asymptotic Perturbation Theory. Higher-Order Effects.───16漸近擾動(dòng)理論-高階效應(yīng)。

76 、The photon statistics in free electron laser fields is analysed by means of LLP transformation in this paper.And the perturbation solution is presented.───借助于固體理論中的LLP變換研究自由電子激光場(chǎng)的光子統(tǒng)計(jì)性質(zhì)，并發(fā)展了一種微擾方法予以求解。

77 、That could be the angle of perturbation of a distant galaxy.─── 那可能是某個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)星系的攝動(dòng)角度

78 、SOMA uses a PRT parameter to achieve perturbation.───臺(tái)北愛樂的SOMA使用參數(shù)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)擾動(dòng)。

79 、The ability of the soil to recover from perturbation.───土壤自干擾環(huán)境中之恢復(fù)能力。

80 、Making the comparison with the strongly nonlocal soliton solution obtained by Guo etal., we find the soliton solution obtained with the perturbation method is more accurate.───在強(qiáng)非局域條件下，和郭旗等人所得到的孤子解進(jìn)行比較發(fā)現(xiàn)，用微擾方法所得到的強(qiáng)非局域孤子解更加精確。

81 、Besides, another reason of the heavy rain may be that the kinetic energy perturbation is released concentrically in South China.───在對(duì)大氣低頻擾動(dòng)動(dòng)能的分析中也發(fā)現(xiàn)，華南前汛期降水伴隨著低頻擾動(dòng)動(dòng)能在該地區(qū)的集中釋放。

82 、Perturbation Theory III. Transition Probability. Wavepacket. Degeneracy.───16微擾理論III.躍遷幾率。波包。簡(jiǎn)并。

83 、His red perturbation of mind would be best covered and pass concealed under a disguise of pretended lunacy.───在假裝瘋狂的掩護(hù)下，他心神的真正不安倒可以巧妙地遮蓋起來(lái)。

84 、He most certainly deserves credit as a pioneer, with Le Verrier, of applying perturbation theory to planetary motion.───他與勒威耶都是應(yīng)用微擾理論解決行星運(yùn)動(dòng)問題的開拓者，毫無(wú)疑問。

85 、Equations of state can be proposed by using different perturbation terms based on a molecular thermodynamic model of heteronulear chains with simple form.───基于一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的非均核鏈流體分子熱力學(xué)模型,采用不同形式的微擾項(xiàng),可構(gòu)筑不同形式的高分子共混物系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)方程。

86 、LEO satellite formation configurations may get an in-track drift under the perturbation of atmosphere.───大氣攝動(dòng)會(huì)造成近地軌道衛(wèi)星編隊(duì)構(gòu)形產(chǎn)生沿航跡方向漂移。

奇點(diǎn)偶段法是初中還是高中？

奇點(diǎn)偶段法是高中知識(shí)，奇點(diǎn)偶斷法（Singular Perturbation Method）是一種數(shù)學(xué)分析方法，用于解決含有小參數(shù)的微分方程問題。它的核心思想是將原始問題轉(zhuǎn)化為兩個(gè)較簡(jiǎn)單的問題：一個(gè)在較快變化區(qū)域（奇點(diǎn)）附近，另一個(gè)在較慢變化區(qū)域（偶斷）附近。

如何用ChamDraw預(yù)測(cè)化學(xué)式紅外

ChamDraw預(yù)測(cè)化學(xué)式紅外

ChamDraw是一款基于人工智能技術(shù)的化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)繪圖軟件，通過該軟件用戶可以輕松地繪制出各種化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)圖，同時(shí)也提供了一些其他功能，如化學(xué)式紅外的預(yù)測(cè)功能。

化學(xué)式紅外的重要性

化學(xué)式紅外是一種非常重要的化學(xué)分析方法，可以用來(lái)確定有機(jī)化合物的結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷它們的官能團(tuán)，以及檢測(cè)雜質(zhì)等。在傳統(tǒng)的紅外光譜中，由于無(wú)法對(duì)單個(gè)化學(xué)鍵進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的鑒定，且各化學(xué)鍵的振動(dòng)相互干擾，因此常常難以得到精確的化學(xué)信息。

化學(xué)式紅外則采用密度泛函理論計(jì)算方法，可以和實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)相結(jié)合，預(yù)測(cè)出化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)在特定波數(shù)范圍內(nèi)的振動(dòng)吸收譜，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)的鑒定。

ChamDraw預(yù)測(cè)化學(xué)式紅外的原理

ChamDraw預(yù)測(cè)化學(xué)式紅外的原理基于密度泛函理論，使用了微擾雙雜化/密度泛函理論(PerturbationDoubleHybrid/DensityFunctionalTheory，Pert-DHDF)研究化學(xué)鍵的振動(dòng)吸收性質(zhì)。通過該方法可以準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)在紅外波段的振動(dòng)吸收強(qiáng)度和譜帶形狀，以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)的鑒定。

ChamDraw預(yù)測(cè)化學(xué)式紅外的使用方法

使用ChamDraw預(yù)測(cè)化學(xué)式紅外非常簡(jiǎn)單，用戶只需要在軟件中輸入所要分析的有機(jī)化合物的結(jié)構(gòu)式，即可得到該化合物在紅外波段的振動(dòng)吸收譜。由于ChamDraw使用了現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)和密度泛函理論，所以其預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果與實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)相比更加準(zhǔn)確、可靠。

ChamDraw預(yù)測(cè)化學(xué)式紅外的優(yōu)勢(shì)

相比傳統(tǒng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)方法，ChamDraw預(yù)測(cè)化學(xué)式紅外具有許多優(yōu)勢(shì)：

預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果更加準(zhǔn)確、可靠。

可以預(yù)測(cè)化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)在不同紅外波段下的振動(dòng)吸收譜。

可以預(yù)測(cè)不同氧化狀態(tài)、互變異構(gòu)體之間的差異。

速度快，節(jié)省實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)間和成本。

總之，ChamDraw預(yù)測(cè)化學(xué)式紅外是一種非常優(yōu)秀的化學(xué)分析方法，使得化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)鑒定更加便捷、高效、準(zhǔn)確。