sanitation是什么意思,sanitation中文翻譯,sanitation發(fā)音、用法及例句
?sanitation
sanitation發(fā)音
英:[?s?n??te??n] 美:[?s?n??te??n]
英: 美:
sanitation中文意思翻譯
n.公共衛(wèi)生, 衛(wèi)生設(shè)備, 下水道設(shè)施
sanitation常見例句
1 、The disease is a big problem in large puppy "mills" where sanitation and husbandry is less than ideal.───對于那種管理衛(wèi)生狀況差的幼犬繁育場而言,冠狀病毒是一個重要的問題。
2 、It was agreed that the areas of focus for DFID will be water and sanitation, HIV and AIDS, TB and basic education.───雙方商定,英國國際發(fā)展部的工作重點將在供水和衛(wèi)生,艾滋病病毒和艾滋病,肺結(jié)核以及基礎(chǔ)教育方面。
3 、The location is exceptionally poor, viewed from the sanitation point.───從衛(wèi)生角度來看,這個地段非常糟糕。
4 、Urban Environmental Sanitation and Cleaning By the end of 2001, the areas of the urban roads being swept and cleaned hit 1.84162 billion m2.───城市環(huán)境衛(wèi)生、保潔工作截止2001年底,城市道路清掃保潔面積184162萬平方米。
5 、Products with electric wire buried-casting: No oxidation, impact-resistant, safe sanitation, andNot Decolonization ect.───產(chǎn)品具有電熱絲埋鑄式:不氧化、耐撞擊、安全衛(wèi)生、不掉色釉等特點.
6 、Poor water supply and sanitation lead to high rates of water-related diseases,limited economic development options and political and civil tension.───不良的供水和衛(wèi)生設(shè)備導(dǎo)致水媒疾病發(fā)病率高,經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的選擇因而有限,并造成政治和民事關(guān)系緊張。
7 、Everybody should pay attention to sanitation and hygiene.───人人要注意清潔衛(wèi)生。
8 、Design of area and materials used in construction do not facilitate cleaning and sanitation.───區(qū)域的設(shè)計和建筑使用的材料不利于清洗消毒。
9 、Does not conform to sanitation standard food is the national law public proclamation forbids to produce, the sale, it includes:...───不符合衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的食品是國家法律明令禁止生產(chǎn)、銷售的,它包括:...
10 、The alcohol from the sanitizer neutralized the solution.─── 洗手液中的酒精會對溶液起中和作用
11 、The people lived in that city can keep sanitation clean.───住在那個城市的人們能保持公共衛(wèi)生的清潔。
12 、Plant is following guidelines set forth in Division's sanitation manual. No evidence of birds found in any area of the plant.───廠房符合區(qū)域公司的衛(wèi)生手冊的指南。廠房內(nèi)任何區(qū)域未發(fā)現(xiàn)鳥類的痕跡。
13 、The heating plate has unique unitary structure, meeting the requirement of food sanitation and avoiding its leakage.───加熱板為國內(nèi)獨一無三的整體形結(jié)構(gòu),符合食品衛(wèi)生要求和杜絕了加熱了加熱板的滲漏。
14 、The house has no electricity, sanitation, or fresh water supply.───住房沒有水、電和衛(wèi)生設(shè)備。
15 、The provision of drinking water and sanitation services in health facilities is a top priority.───在衛(wèi)生機構(gòu)中提供飲用水和衛(wèi)生設(shè)施服務(wù)是一項優(yōu)先重點。
16 、Sanitation and hygiene promotion programmes resulting from improved facilities and making school environments safe are an increasingly important part of the country programmes.───衛(wèi)生和衛(wèi)生**方案使各項設(shè)施得到改善,并使學(xué)校環(huán)境安全,日益成為國家方案的重要組成部分。
17 、Meanwhile, health, water and sanitation services remain in a state of collapse.───與此同時,健康、用水和衛(wèi)生服務(wù)停滯在崩潰狀態(tài)。
18 、Assort with other department Ensure food quality and sanitation, corporate chef overcome guest complain.───嚴(yán)格保證菜品質(zhì)量和食品衛(wèi)生,協(xié)助廚師長處理客人投訴等問題。
19 、We apologize, they have not been sanitized for your protection.─── 鄭重向大家道歉 我們沒有 消毒你們的護(hù)身物
20 、In 2003, an updated global water supply and sanitation database (country and regional figures) will be produced based on new evidence and analysis.───2003 年將根據(jù)新的證據(jù)和分析編制一個最近全球供水和衛(wèi)生數(shù)據(jù)庫(國家和區(qū)域數(shù)字)。
21 、I'm not saying that it wasn't sanitized.─── 他們確實把內(nèi)容"清潔"了不少
22 、And, the other major item is water and sanitation.───另一個重要的問題就是水和衛(wèi)生設(shè)施。
23 、Value of its physiology sanitation is extremely high, bigger to influence of the person's physiology, mentation.───其生理衛(wèi)生價值極高,對人的生理、心理狀態(tài)影響較大。
24 、For example, they can not comply with their housing is a mess, but they can happily destruction of public sanitation.───例如,它們可以不符合他們的住房是一個爛攤子,但他們能夠愉快地破壞公共環(huán)境衛(wèi)生。
25 、Sanitation facilities - people are defecating in open spaces.───衛(wèi)生設(shè)備缺乏,人們就在空地上大便。
26 、The Golden Rule and love and basic sanitation, ecology, and politics and the sane living.───處事的金科玉律、愛、衛(wèi)生常識、生態(tài)學(xué)、政治學(xué),還有健康的生活。
27 、Global Water Challenge is a collation coalition of 22 groups working for change in water and sanitation.───全球應(yīng)對水問題促進(jìn)會是一個由22個小組所成的聯(lián)盟,致力于改變水供應(yīng)和衛(wèi)生設(shè)施。
28 、Bentley Sanitation Co., Ltd.───上海貝克力衛(wèi)浴有限公司
29 、Some 49,000 latrines serving 400,000 people were constructed,and an ambitious target of providing sanitation for all by 2010 was adopted.───為40萬人建造了約49 000個廁所,并訂立了到2010年為每個國民提供衛(wèi)生設(shè)備這一宏偉目標(biāo)。
30 、In the lower picture: the youth medical staff of Wuxi sanitation system are waiting to donate blood.───下圖:無錫市衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)的青年醫(yī)務(wù)人員在等候獻(xiàn)血。
31 、And the other major item is water and sanitation.───另外一個主要問題是水源和衛(wèi)生設(shè)備。
32 、The former job needs no sanitation!───頭一個工作是不講衛(wèi)生!
33 、They live in conditions of appalling sanitation.───他們在十分惡劣的衛(wèi)生條件下生活。
34 、Make them know the basic requirements of breathing sanitation.───對學(xué)生開展呼吸衛(wèi)生教育,讓學(xué)生知道呼吸衛(wèi)生的基本要求。
35 、He introduced a system of sanitation, extending from fly control to incineration.───他建立了一個衛(wèi)生制度,從撲滅蒼蠅一直到焚化垃圾。
36 、Sanitation oted top medical adance But doctors backed anaesthesia.───衛(wèi)生設(shè)施被選為最佳醫(yī)學(xué)進(jìn)步,但醫(yī)生們支持**為最佳。
37 、CCBA, Chinatown Youth Initiatives, and NYC Department of Sanitation held a Cleanup Chinatown event.───中華公所、華埠青年啟蒙計劃與紐約市衛(wèi)生局合辦清潔華埠日。
38 、The use of a whole house water filter is the last means of protection from breakdowns in municipal water treatment and sanitation systems.───家庭整體水凈化設(shè)備的使用可以防止市政自來水處理和衛(wèi)生環(huán)境系統(tǒng)的崩潰。
39 、And, as is true of cold viruses, sanitation and clean drinking water have little power to block transmission.───同時,一如感冒病毒,衛(wèi)生設(shè)施與乾凈飲水對遏阻輪狀病毒感染的功效并不大。
40 、During the Year,for example,UNICEF intends to focus its global water,environment and sanitation programme to benefit children and vulnerable people.───例如,在國際年期間,兒童基金會打算把全球飲水、環(huán)境和衛(wèi)生方案重點放在為兒童和弱勢人士造福上。
41 、I've been sanitizing for this all morning.─── 我一早上都在說服自己接受這門課
42 、No written program is available in evaporation area, or instructions do not follow guidelines in sanitation manual. Procedures not routinely followed.───在蒸汽區(qū)域沒有書面程序,或指令未遵守消毒手冊中的指導(dǎo)方針。程序在日常工作中未被遵守。
43 、Scagliola sanitation clean has beautiful and easy, strength tall, density is small, acid-proof alkaline, anti-corrosive etc.───人造大理石衛(wèi)生潔具美觀大方、強度高、密度小、耐酸堿、耐腐蝕等。
44 、But once had chosen a faucet, hutch sanitation of future need not worry about again alive.───但是一旦選好一個水龍頭,未來的廚衛(wèi)生活就不必再操心了。
45 、WHO was established in 1948, one of its first responsibilities then was to unify the separate international sanitation treaties in a single code.───WHO成立于1948年,當(dāng)時其首要任務(wù)之一是要將各個零散的國際衛(wèi)生條約合并為一個法規(guī)。
46 、The location is exceptionally poor, viewed from a sanitation point, so Julia had to devote hertime to finding suitable location for a new school.───從衛(wèi)生角度來看,這個地段非常糟糕,所以朱利亞不得不花時間找一處適于建新學(xué)校的地點。
47 、Ensuring adequate sanitation of membrane systems, particularly those using cellulose acetate membranes, is difficult.───保證膜系統(tǒng)消毒充分,尤其是使用纖維素醋酸酯時,這很難做到。
48 、GOOD STANDARD OF HOUSEHOLD HYGIENE AND SANITATION CAN SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE THE RE-INFESTATION.───衛(wèi)生的環(huán)境及整潔家居,有助減低害蟲的滋生。
49 、Accordingly, the key of clavus of prevention and cure is to solve problem of the sanitation that wear a shoe.───因此,防治雞眼的要害是解決穿鞋衛(wèi)生問題。
50 、Meanwhile, health, water, and sanitation services remain in a state of collapse.───同時,衛(wèi)生、水以及環(huán)境衛(wèi)生設(shè)施卻仍舊處于崩潰狀況。
51 、Then after that, we need to sanitize the table.─── 清潔完 就需要消毒餐桌
52 、Does health teach the relation that publicizes with sanitation?───健康教育與衛(wèi)生宣傳的關(guān)系?
53 、They have sanitized rooms there for the computers they fix.─── 他們已經(jīng)消毒了那些房間 用來放那些修好的電腦
54 、"No single measure would do more to reduce disease and save lives in the developing world than bringing safe water and adequate sanitation to all.───“要減少發(fā)展中國家的疾病,拯救生命,任何措施都比不上使所有人得到安全的水和合格的衛(wèi)生條件?!?/p>
55 、No written program is available in filling area, or instruction do not follow guideline in sanitation manual. Procedure not routinely followed.───在注入?yún)^(qū)域缺少書面的清洗消毒綱要,或者要求不符合消毒手冊中的規(guī)定。程序未被日常執(zhí)行。
56 、How to maintain dental sanitation?───如何保持牙齒衛(wèi)生?
57 、Accordingly, of the kitchen decorate adornment to consider practical, safety and sanitation should morely.───因此,廚房的裝修裝飾應(yīng)該更多地考慮實用、安全和衛(wèi)生。
58 、Himanshu Parikh Consulting Engineers won one for a sanitation project,called Slum net working.───以咨詢貧民窟網(wǎng)頁工作的項目獲勝。
59 、As plant microbiologist, provide plant microbiological training (sanitation) and consultation.───作為工廠微生物專家,提供全廠的微生物培訓(xùn)(衛(wèi)生)和微生物方面的咨詢。
60 、Global water challenge is a convolution coalition of 22 groups working for change in water and sanitation.───全球應(yīng)對水問題促進(jìn)會是由22個小組組成,致力于改變水和衛(wèi)生設(shè)施。
61 、Plant is following guidelines set forth in Division's sanitation manual. No evidence of insect infestation found in any area of the plant.───廠房符合區(qū)域公司的衛(wèi)生手冊的指南。廠房內(nèi)任何區(qū)域未發(fā)現(xiàn)害蟲的痕跡。
62 、Ivory kitchen looks clean sanitation, but do not let virescent yellow appear.───乳白色的廚房看上去清潔衛(wèi)生,但是別讓帶綠的**出現(xiàn)。
63 、In the coming days, she said aid workers will distribute water-purification tablets, buckets and soap to promote sanitation in affected communities.───夏芙說,今后幾天援助人員將向爆發(fā)**的社區(qū)分發(fā)凈水藥片、水桶和肥皂,讓人們注意衛(wèi)生。
64 、Don't worry, I'll sanitize the booth when they leave.─── 別擔(dān)心 等他們走了我會給座位消毒的
65 、Strengthen food sanitation to manage, metamorphism and food of the pollution that be belonged to by Sramana bacterium forbid to sell.───加強食品衛(wèi)生管理,變質(zhì)及被沙門菌屬污染食品不準(zhǔn)出售。
66 、The city had administrative departments for finance, harbours, public buildings, sanitation and water supply.───京城有自己的管理部門負(fù)責(zé)財政、港口、公共建筑、衛(wèi)生和供水等問題。
67 、Compulsory education comes under the same head as sanitation.───義務(wù)教育可以和衛(wèi)生歸入一類。
68 、Prisoners and detainees often were kept in overcrowded conditions with poor sanitation.───囚犯與被拘留者通常處于一種人滿為患與惡劣的環(huán)境內(nèi)。
69 、In 2003,an updated global water supply and sanitation database (country and regional figures) will be produced based on new evidence and analysis.───2003 年將根據(jù)新的證據(jù)和分析編制一個最近全球供水和衛(wèi)生數(shù)據(jù)庫(國家和區(qū)域數(shù)字)。
70 、Maize dye becomes building sanitation pottery and porcelain to use the widest lubricious makings variety nowadays.───如今**顏料成為建筑衛(wèi)生陶瓷使用最廣泛的色料品種。
71 、The Romans, for instance, constructed aqueducts to bring fresh water to their towns and sewers to provide sanitation.───例如羅馬城通過構(gòu)筑溝渠引清水洗刷城鎮(zhèn),建造下水道提供衛(wèi)生設(shè)施。
72 、"Does labor safety sanitation indicate " what are design and meaning?───“勞動安全衛(wèi)生標(biāo)志”的圖案及含義是什么?
73 、Unsafe water and sanitation cause an estimated 80 per cent of all diseases in the developing world.───不衛(wèi)生的水和不清潔的環(huán)境估計造成了發(fā)展中國家所有疾病的80%。
74 、Action on sanitation was not as successful, and a cholera outbreak in 2000 was a wake-up call.───衛(wèi)生方面的行動不是那么成功,2000年爆發(fā)的一場霍亂敲響了警鐘。
75 、Only 32.65% of the products label the state sanitation standards in their product identifications.───產(chǎn)品標(biāo)識上標(biāo)注國家衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的產(chǎn)品占32.65%。
76 、Strict sanitation is used in businesses such as barber shops and restaurants.───在理發(fā)店和餐館等營業(yè)場所執(zhí)行嚴(yán)格的公共衛(wèi)生制度。
77 、His select requirements on sanitation will add to our costs.───他在衛(wèi)生方面的嚴(yán)格要求會增加我們的成本。
78 、They work in conditions of bad sanitation.───他們在惡劣的衛(wèi)生條件下工作。
79 、Garbage exposed, you can see, the majority of residents are dissatisfied with the Hutong alleys and sanitation.───垃圾暴露、隨處可見,大部分胡同居民都不滿胡同衛(wèi)生狀況。
80 、What are the quarantine regulations of sanitation and health for foreign cultural and educational experts?───外國文教專家的衛(wèi)生健康檢疫有哪些規(guī)定?
81 、But at present,most farmers have less environmental knowledge,environmental awareness and environmental sanitation.───但目前大部分農(nóng)民環(huán)境知識匱乏、環(huán)境意識不強、環(huán)境行為落后。
82 、The toilet was sanitized for my protection.─── 這里的馬桶為了我的安全 已經(jīng)消毒過了
83 、Another possible reason your landfill isn't being used is if you reduce the Sanitation Department budget too much.───填埋場未被使用的另一個可能原因是你將垃圾處理部門的經(jīng)費降的太低了。
84 、Within the United Nations system,matters relating to freshwater resources,including sanitation,are dealt with by more than 23 different bodies.───在聯(lián)合國系統(tǒng)內(nèi),與淡水資源有關(guān)的事務(wù),包括衛(wèi)生在內(nèi),由23 個不同的機構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)。
85 、Development of green area and integrated environmental sanitation control will be strengthened.───加強全市綠化和城市綜合整治,構(gòu)筑三道綠色生態(tài)屏障;
86 、I believe we sanitize history at our peril.─── 我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)當(dāng)自行承擔(dān)審查歷史的風(fēng)險
87 、Strengthen the management to the stock material, put measure of fireproofing and sanitation in to effect in order to keep the stock in good condition.───加強對庫存的物資的管理,落實防火措施及衛(wèi)生措施,保證庫存物品的完好無損。"
88 、They lived in conditions of appalling sanitation.───他們生活在極為惡劣的衛(wèi)生環(huán)境中。
89 、Women and girls tend to suffer the most as a result of the lack of sanitation facilities.───婦女和女孩由于缺乏衛(wèi)生設(shè)施往往受害最重。
90 、With the head of the sanitation department.─── 要和公共衛(wèi)生部的部長開會
抗疫的英語是什么
抗疫的英語是Anti epidemic。
例句:
1、According to the demand of consultant experts of the World Bank, environment supervision, monitoring, protection, sanitation and anti epidemic work have been made step by step.
根據(jù)世行咨詢專家的要求,相繼開展了環(huán)境監(jiān)理、環(huán)境監(jiān)測、衛(wèi)生抗疫等環(huán)境保護(hù)工作。
2、Sanitary and Anti-epidemic Library and Medical Service of Community.
衛(wèi)生抗疫圖書館與社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。
3、Anti-epidemic system and emergency reaction is imperfect.
抗疫體系和應(yīng)急反應(yīng)機制不完善。
4、The type is deposited in the Sanitary& Anti-Epidemic Station of Sichuan Province.
模式標(biāo)本存于四川省衛(wèi)生抗疫站。
5、The specimen delivery rate was 87.10% within 7 days to Anhui Sanitary and Anti epidemic Station.
糞便標(biāo)本7d內(nèi)送至省衛(wèi)生防疫站占87.10%。
衛(wèi)生(漢字釋義)詳細(xì)資料大全
衛(wèi)生指個人和集體的生活衛(wèi)生和生產(chǎn)衛(wèi)生的總稱。一般指為增進(jìn)人體健康,預(yù)防疾病,改善和創(chuàng)造合乎生理、心理需求的生產(chǎn)環(huán)境、生活條件所采取的個人的和社會的衛(wèi)生措施,包括以除害滅病、講衛(wèi)生為中心的愛國衛(wèi)生運動。 醫(yī)學(xué)史研究認(rèn)為“衛(wèi)生”是個醫(yī)學(xué)名詞,意為“養(yǎng)生”.這個詞最早出現(xiàn)于《靈樞》中,《莊子.庚桑楚》里也有“衛(wèi)生”一詞:“南榮曰:殊愿聞衛(wèi)生之經(jīng)而已矣.” 也有人認(rèn)為“衛(wèi)生”一詞來自希臘神話.“hygeian”是指神話中的“健康女神”.西歐學(xué)者用此詞表示“衛(wèi)生”或者“衛(wèi)生學(xué)”.
基本介紹
中文名 :衛(wèi)生 外文名 :hygieni *** 拼音 :wèi shēng 分類 :生活衛(wèi)生和生產(chǎn)衛(wèi)生 基本信息,拼音,字詞含義,中文解釋,英文解釋,現(xiàn)代講法,研究成果,其他釋義,衛(wèi)生宣傳標(biāo)語,附注,基本信息
拼音
衛(wèi)生 :wèi shēng 英語:hygieni *** ;hygiene;health;sanitation;字詞含義
衛(wèi)—衛(wèi)護(hù)、維護(hù);生—生命、生機。即:衛(wèi)護(hù)人的生命,維護(hù)人的健康。中文解釋
①能預(yù)防疾病:不亂倒垃圾,衛(wèi)生,文明。 ②符合衛(wèi)生要求的狀況:養(yǎng)成衛(wèi)生習(xí)慣。英文解釋
Health; Hygiene; Sanitation; Hygiene; Sanitation; 1.Hygiene 2.Sanitation ; Health care; Health/Hygiene/Sanitation; Hygene; Hygiei *** ; Hygienesanitary science; Hygienics; Hygieni *** ; Sanify; Sanitation現(xiàn)代講法
現(xiàn)今,“衛(wèi)生”一詞指講究清潔;預(yù)防疾病;有益于健康。 “衛(wèi)生”,從構(gòu)成上說,是一個動賓結(jié)構(gòu)的詞組?!吧睘槊~,即“生命”或“身體”;“衛(wèi)”為動詞,即“保衛(wèi)”?!靶l(wèi)”、“生”組合成詞,本意即為“維護(hù)生命”或“保護(hù)身體”。當(dāng)把“衛(wèi)生”看做名詞時,其意義則轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤熬S護(hù)生命或保護(hù)身體”的行為,或“維護(hù)生命或保護(hù)身體所采取的一切措施”,包括預(yù)防和治療疾病、維護(hù)和增進(jìn)健康所采取的一切措施。在現(xiàn)代漢語中,“衛(wèi)生”也作形容詞,意思是“干凈”、“清潔”,而這正是維護(hù)健康的措施之一。 學(xué)術(shù)界對“衛(wèi)生”的研究已取得重要成果,但美中不足的是,大多把它當(dāng)做近代新名詞來研究,以近代術(shù)語“衛(wèi)生”的生成和傳入中國的過程作為考察的重點,而沒有對中國傳統(tǒng)社會中“衛(wèi)生”的涵義進(jìn)行全面的考察。而事實上,傳統(tǒng)文化中的“衛(wèi)生”是近代乃至現(xiàn)代“衛(wèi)生”概念產(chǎn)生的基礎(chǔ)。 本文作者認(rèn)為,在中國傳統(tǒng)文化語境中,“衛(wèi)生”大致有“養(yǎng)生”、“醫(yī)藥(醫(yī)療)”、“衛(wèi)生保命”、“濟世救民”等四種含義。研究成果
關(guān)于術(shù)語“衛(wèi)生”的研究已有一些重要成果。民國時期的著作有彭文祖的《盲人瞎馬新名詞》、陳方之的《衛(wèi)生學(xué)與衛(wèi)生行政》等;近年來的著作有沈國威的《近代中日語匯交流史:新漢語の生成と受容》、馮天瑜的《新語探源——中西日文化互動與近代漢語術(shù)語的生成》等;也有一些關(guān)于“衛(wèi)生”的專題論文,如臺灣學(xué)者劉士永的《“清潔”到“衛(wèi)生”——殖民 *** 對臺灣社會在清潔觀念上的改造》、雷祥麟的《衛(wèi)生為何不是保衛(wèi)生命——民國時期另類的衛(wèi)生、自我與疾病》等;國外也有學(xué)者對“衛(wèi)生”進(jìn)行過研究,如Lee Jong-Chan:Modernity of Hygiene in the Meiji Era,1868-1905、Ruth Rogaski:Hygi enic Modernity:Meanings of Health and Dis-ease in Treaty-port China、藤浪剛一的《日本衛(wèi)生史》、川原泛的《衛(wèi)生學(xué)綱目》等;最近,剛從日本流學(xué)歸來的余新忠博士在閱讀大量日文著作之后所撰寫的論文《晚清“衛(wèi)生”概念演變探略》,也是有關(guān)“衛(wèi)生”的重要研究成果。綜觀上述成果,大多以近代術(shù)語“衛(wèi)生”的生成和傳入中國的過程為重點,而沒有對中國傳統(tǒng)社會中“衛(wèi)生”的涵義進(jìn)行較全面的考察。事實上,傳統(tǒng)文化中的“衛(wèi)生”是近代乃至現(xiàn)代“衛(wèi)生”概念產(chǎn)生的基礎(chǔ)。因此,對傳統(tǒng)文化中的“衛(wèi)生”概念作較深入的考察,對研究“衛(wèi)生”概念的演變具有十分重要的意義。 根據(jù)《高級漢語大詞典》,“衛(wèi)”,動詞,會意字,繁體作“衛(wèi)”,甲骨文中“衛(wèi)、韋”同字,意思是“在大道(行)站崗保衛(wèi)(韋)”,故其本義為“保衛(wèi)、防護(hù)”?!吧保瑒釉~,甲骨文字形上面是初生的草木,下面是地面或土壤,故其本義為“草木從土里生長出來”、“滋長”。當(dāng)“生”的詞性轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槊~時,其意義則為“生”之表象“生命”,或“生”之載體“身體”。顯然,作為詞組的“衛(wèi)生”是一個動賓結(jié)構(gòu),其中的“生”為名詞,即“生命”或“身體”。因此,“衛(wèi)生”的字面義為“維護(hù)生命”或“保護(hù)身體”。然而,當(dāng)把“衛(wèi)生”看做名詞時,其意義則轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤熬S護(hù)生命或保護(hù)身體”的行為,或“維護(hù)生命或保護(hù)身體所采取的一切措施”,包括預(yù)防和治療疾病、維護(hù)和增進(jìn)健康所采取的一切措施。在現(xiàn)代漢語中,“衛(wèi)生”也作形容詞,意思是“干凈、清潔”,而這正是維護(hù)健康的措施之一。這是“衛(wèi)生”的字面意義和引申意義。事實上,在不同的歷史階段,在不同的語境中,“衛(wèi)生”的涵義有很大差別。這里只就中國傳統(tǒng)文化中“衛(wèi)生”的涵義作簡略分析。 “衛(wèi)生”一詞典出《莊子·庚桑楚》。《莊子·庚桑楚》有“衛(wèi)生之經(jīng)”的記述: 趎愿聞衛(wèi)生之經(jīng)而已矣。老子曰:衛(wèi)生之經(jīng)能抱一乎?能勿失乎?能無卜筮而知吉兇乎?能止乎?能已乎?能舍諸人而求諸己乎?能翛然乎?能侗然乎?能兒子乎?兒子終日嗥而嗌不嗄和之至也,終日握而手不掜共其德也,終日視而目不瞚偏不在外也,行不知所之,居不知所為,與物委蛇而同其波,是衛(wèi)生之經(jīng)已。 晉代李頤在《莊子集解》中把“衛(wèi)生”理解為“防衛(wèi)其生,令合其道也”。晉代郭象、唐代陸德明等均沿引李頤之義。宋代的王雱在《南華真經(jīng)新傳·庚桑楚篇》中指出:“衛(wèi)生者,衛(wèi)全其生也,能衛(wèi)全其生則生所以常存,故曰衛(wèi)生之經(jīng)也?!c物齊諧而同其流,此所謂全生之道也,故曰與物委蛇而同其波,是衛(wèi)生之經(jīng)也?!睙o論把“衛(wèi)生”理解為“防衛(wèi)其生,令合其道”,還是理解為“衛(wèi)全其生”、“生所以常存”,都道出了“衛(wèi)生”在中國傳統(tǒng)語境中的“保衛(wèi)生命,維護(hù)身體健康”之本義。初版于上世紀(jì)20年代、被譽為“中醫(yī)辭海”的《中國醫(yī)學(xué)大辭典》把“衛(wèi)生”解釋為“防衛(wèi)其生命也”,也再一次說明中國傳統(tǒng)文化中“衛(wèi)生”的涵義歷千年未有明顯變化。其他釋義
具體而言,在中國傳統(tǒng)文化的語境中“衛(wèi)生”大致有以下幾種含義: 養(yǎng)生 即“葆真抱元”,通過食物、藥物、服飾、鍛煉、節(jié)欲、靜心、養(yǎng)性等方式來預(yù)防疾病,維護(hù)健康,延長壽命。如“此藥清而不涼,溫而不壅……春常服免瘟疫之疾,夏常服不中暑暍,秋服無瘧痢之疾,冬服不感寒毒,眞神仙衛(wèi)生之妙藥也,功効不可盡述?!薄叭松袠窢?,行樂則心閑,心既無所用,和氣滋容顏,衛(wèi)生有此妙,余事皆可刪?!薄肮胖斢跉懛?,何也?先王之制,喪禮,一以哀死,一以衛(wèi)生也?!薄靶l(wèi)生防后患,伐性釋前疑,展轉(zhuǎn)那成夢, *** 且當(dāng)詩,因心念民瘼,出位嘆身卑,欲巳七年病,當(dāng)從百世師,保身將保德,未可廢箴規(guī)。” 當(dāng)“衛(wèi)生”作“養(yǎng)生”時,常出現(xiàn)在以下幾種語境中:(1)與“傷生”相對,即衛(wèi)生是保衛(wèi)生命,而不是傷害生命。如“所以衛(wèi)生而不至于傷生也”;(2)與“醫(yī)”相對,即“衛(wèi)生”常指預(yù)防疾病,而“醫(yī)”則指治療疾病。如“前輩名士往往能醫(yī)非惟衛(wèi)生矣”,即前輩名士往往掌握醫(yī)藥技術(shù),能治療疾病,而不只是能預(yù)防疾病;(3)在部分情況下專指生理上的保養(yǎng),常與“養(yǎng)性”或“養(yǎng)心”相對。如:“晉宋間,高士晚得官,無仕進(jìn)意,筑庵西溪,名曰云茅,以衛(wèi)生養(yǎng)性為事,詩文雄深雅健?!庇秩纾骸岸喾餆崴?,亦使人血氣偏勝,不得和平,不但非所以衛(wèi)生,亦非所以養(yǎng)心?!?醫(yī)藥.醫(yī)療 即“已人之疾,起人之死”,通過藥石等手段“治病活人”。如“禹之垂訓(xùn),如良醫(yī)之著書,既示之以衛(wèi)生之術(shù),又戒之以致疾之由”,“治風(fēng)先治脾,治疾先治氣,皆衛(wèi)生之要也”?!案毁F者,昧養(yǎng)生之理,不問衛(wèi)生有方,貧窮者,急養(yǎng)身之策,何知保身有道。” 當(dāng)“衛(wèi)生”作“醫(yī)藥”、“醫(yī)療”時,常出現(xiàn)于以下幾種語境中:(1)與“養(yǎng)生”相對。如“菽粟之類同歸于養(yǎng)生,藥石之類同歸于衛(wèi)生”。(2)常用作藥名、書名。如在《衛(wèi)生易簡方》、《衛(wèi)生寶集》、《衛(wèi)生家寶方》等書中是書名;在衛(wèi)生湯、九鑰衛(wèi)生固氣丸、龍虎衛(wèi)生膏等說法中是藥名。(3)有時還用作醫(yī)療場所的名稱,如“大父中厚,精于醫(yī),開衛(wèi)生堂,施藥以濟病者”。 衛(wèi)生保命 當(dāng)“衛(wèi)生”作“保衛(wèi)其生”時,其概念抽象而且涵義寬泛,幾乎包括“養(yǎng)生”、“防病”、“免害”、“保命”、“長生”、“延齡”、“治病活人”等各個方面。這種用法在傳統(tǒng)中國套用最為廣泛。現(xiàn)舉幾例:“大抵味以養(yǎng)精者也,谷以養(yǎng)形者也,藥石以治疾者也,養(yǎng)精為本,養(yǎng)形次之,治疾為下……蓋嘗講衛(wèi)生之經(jīng)矣?!薄爸『竽芊?,不若病前能自防,郭康伯遇神人授一保身衛(wèi)生之術(shù)?!薄叭酥踔卣撸?,衛(wèi)生之資所甚急者,藥也,藥之考訂使無以乙亂丙誤用妄投之失者,神農(nóng)家書也?!薄案改钙拮又?,或從中來,欲見而不可得,憂增憤結(jié),殆有不能堪于懷者,安得不致疾易而衛(wèi)生難也?!?濟世救民.保衛(wèi)生靈 所謂“醫(yī)道行,則活人,儒道行,則活天下”,故“不為良相則愿為良醫(yī)”便成為自范仲淹之后歷代儒、醫(yī)的追求。歷來醫(yī)者有“治病救人”、“懸壺濟世”之使命,王者有“濟世救民”、“保衛(wèi)生靈”之王道,故王者常以“醫(yī)”濟世,醫(yī)者常以“技”救民。所以,“衛(wèi)生”也常表現(xiàn)為“濟世救民”?,F(xiàn)舉幾例:“告而還,子孫怡愉,蜂房合戶,哺雀群烏,混跡市塵,懸我藥壺,衛(wèi)生之仁施于州閭?!薄拔易孀趦?nèi)設(shè)太醫(yī)院,外設(shè)府州縣醫(yī)學(xué),醫(yī)而以學(xué)為名,蓋欲聚其人以斆學(xué),既成功而試之,然后授以一方衛(wèi)生之任,由是進(jìn)之以為國醫(yī),其嘉惠天下臣民也至矣……則天下之人皆無夭閼之患,而躋仁壽之域矣,是亦王者仁政之一端也?!薄叭魰r疫流行,不問老幼良賤,各飲一盞,則時氣百病不生,真濟世衛(wèi)生之寶也?!薄岸l(wèi)生恤患,切于時用,以施惠愛于人者,莫醫(yī)氏若也,故古之魁偉之士,不試用于時,則愿為良醫(yī),以行其志?!?衛(wèi)生宣傳標(biāo)語
愛國衛(wèi)生運動,是我國衛(wèi)生工作的偉大創(chuàng)舉,反映了中國衛(wèi)生工作的鮮明特色,下面是我為大家蒐集的一些有關(guān)愛國衛(wèi)生運動宣傳標(biāo)語。 開展愛國衛(wèi)生運動 提高全民健康素質(zhì) 深入開展愛國衛(wèi)生運動,大力創(chuàng)造少患病環(huán)境 大力開展愛國衛(wèi)生運動,全民養(yǎng)成良好的衛(wèi)生習(xí)慣 動員起來,講究衛(wèi)生,減少疾病,提高民眾健康水平 大力開展愛國衛(wèi)生運動,全面整治城鄉(xiāng)環(huán)境衛(wèi)生 開展愛國衛(wèi)生運動,保障人民身體健康 深入開展愛國衛(wèi)生運動,不斷提高城鄉(xiāng)整體衛(wèi)生水平 整治城鄉(xiāng)環(huán)境,共創(chuàng)清潔家園 大力搞好環(huán)境衛(wèi)生,切實增強防病能力 自覺維護(hù)環(huán)境衛(wèi)生,有效預(yù)防流感的發(fā)生和流行 人人參與,凈化環(huán)境,美化家園,預(yù)防傳染性疾病 整治環(huán)境衛(wèi)生,提升生活質(zhì)量 重視衛(wèi)生環(huán)境,構(gòu)建和諧社會 愛國衛(wèi)生,人人有責(zé)。 開展健康教育,普及衛(wèi)生知識。 搞好環(huán)境衛(wèi)生,保持市容整潔。 人人動手,清除衛(wèi)生死角。 講究衛(wèi)生 摒棄陋習(xí) 預(yù)防傳染性疾病附注
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