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oppositely是什么意思,oppositely中文翻譯,oppositely發(fā)音、用法及例句

2025-09-03 投稿

oppositely是什么意思,oppositely中文翻譯,oppositely發(fā)音、用法及例句

?oppositely

oppositely發(fā)音

['ɔpəzitli]

英:  美:

oppositely中文意思翻譯

adv. 相反地, 相對地

oppositely詞形變化

副詞: oppositely | 名詞: oppositeness |

oppositely常見例句

1 、Objective: To observe the curative effect of treating facial paralysis with needling of opposit side and point stimulation with mid-frequency current.───目的:觀察繆刺法結(jié)合穴位中頻電刺激治療頑固性面癱的臨床療效。

2 、Keywords ammonium nitrate;oppositely rolling roller crusher;safe production;───硝酸銨;對輥式破碎機;安全生產(chǎn);

3 、And we started on opposite sides of cases, and then it was just... opposites attract, I guess.─── 我倆一開始在法庭上是對立的雙方 后來大概是...異質(zhì)相吸吧

4 、no,close my eyes oppositely !───我會閉上眼睛的!

5 、But the development of thoracoscopic surgery wasn t smoothly, oppositely, it underwent the stage of embryonic, awane and flourishing.───但胸腔鏡外科的發(fā)展并不一帆風順,經(jīng)歷了興起、衰落、振興的過程。

6 、oppositely charged particles───電荷相反的粒子

7 、inversely or oppositely related with respect to one of a group of otherwise identical properties,especially designating either or both of a pair of complex numbers differing only in the sign of the imaginary term───共軛的,與性質(zhì)相同的一群中的某一元素相反或相對的,尤指只有虛部不同的一個或一對復數(shù)

8 、oppositely oriented───反向定向的

9 、What you did... that was the opposite of discreet.─── 而你的所為 完全背道而馳

10 、The ultrathin multilayer films were built-up b y self-assemble of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes in aqueous solution.Its structure can be designed at molecular scale.───相反電荷的聚電解質(zhì)在溶液中通過靜電相互作用自組裝形成超薄多層膜,這種膜的結(jié)構(gòu)可實現(xiàn)分子水平上的控制。

11 、After the guiding track framework being joined height, dismantle handle of the hand crane and install oppositely, lock the self-install suspension shaft, then let down the suspension coop.───導軌架接高完畢,應(yīng)將手搖起重機的手柄卸下反裝,并將自裝吊桿鎖定后,方可將吊籠放下。

12 、Oppositely, a well agriculture technique extension system will accelerate the industrialization process of agriculture technologies.───沒有完善的農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)**模式,就不會有農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的較快發(fā)展,農(nóng)業(yè)科技進步也就難以實現(xiàn)。

13 、The Development of a New Type of Oppositely Rolling Roller Crusher───新型對輥破碎機的研究設(shè)計

14 、Small absorption coefficient of fifteen organic solvents and water were measured at 514. 5nm by means of oppositely crossed laser thermal lens spectrometry using argon ion laser as pump source. Higher sensitivity was obtained.───本工作采用反向交叉式雙光束激光熱透鏡光譜法,以氬離子激光作泵浦光源,在514.5nm波長條件下,測量了十五種有機溶劑和水的極小的吸收系數(shù),獲得了較高的測量靈敏度。

15 、Even though Kingston"s heroine and Lee"s hero behave themselves quite oppositely because of their different gender identities, they share similar ethnic experience as Chinese Americans.───盡管兩位主人公因為不同的性別身份而行為迥異,但是作為華裔美國人,他們在成長中卻擁有相似的族裔體驗。

16 、Oppositely, when we are happy, we often choose to wear brightly colored clothes.───相反,當我們心情愉快時,我們常常會選擇顏色鮮艷的衣服。

17 、But lately, it's been doing the opposite.─── 但最近的檢索結(jié)果適得其反

18 、Rheological Properties of Mixed Suspensions Containing Oppositely Charged Colloidal Particles───帶相反電荷膠體顆?;旌蛻腋◇w的流變學性能

19 、By virtue of their different chemical properties, some amino acids are attracted to each other (for example, oppositely charged amino acids) and so will associate;───由于氨基酸各不相同的化學屬性,有些氨基酸會因為互相吸引(比如電荷相反的氨基酸)會連接在一起;

20 、So I'm going to do the opposite of the opposite of what she said.─── 所以我要做與她所說的完全相反的完全相反的事

21 、oppositely directed───反向的

22 、Oppositely, if the critical period for language emergence and growth is missed, multiple efforts will be required to earn the equal language ability.───如果錯過了語言萌芽增長的關(guān)鍵時期,獲得同等語言能力就可能需要成倍的努力了。

23 、But if the particle becomes too large, it will spontaneously form two separate magnetic domains with oppositely directed magnetizations.───但如果顆粒變得太大,又自然而然地會形成兩個分離的磁區(qū),各有相反的磁性;

24 、oppositely rolling roller crusher───對輥式破碎機

25 、The dipole molecule happens when a molecule has oppositely charged ends or “poles”.───當分子具有帶相反電荷的兩端或“兩極”時形成偶極分子。

26 、Oppositely, if the picking time is lower, and the performance of used policies must be better.Then the used policies are suitable for the warehouse.───若操作時間越短代表該策略的效益越好,而且比較適合用在我們決定的倉儲環(huán)境中。

27 、Results Treatment of VSMC with PDGF-BB led to promote proliferation and suppress apoptosis, oppositely Stichopus Variegates significantly reversed these effects.───結(jié)果血小板源生長因子BB刺激后可促進血管平滑肌細胞增殖,抑制其凋亡;

28 、In this, an electrically charged syringe squirts a polymer mixed with a solvent towards an oppositely charged electrode.───還有一種方法,其淵源可以追溯到上世紀30年代,就是依靠所謂的電子紡線系統(tǒng)。

29 、Kc and C1decreased by turns from rest with eyes opened, resting conscious with eyes closed, slight sleep and then to deep sleep. On the conakry, C2 varied oppositely.───從安靜睜眼到清醒閉目到淺睡到深度睡眠,KC與C1值均依次下降。

30 、Either of two oppositely charged terminals, as in an electric cell or battery.───電極兩個帶相反電荷的電極中的任一個,如在電池或蓄電池中

31 、If a cetificate owns its validity, oppositely, it's easy to contunie if necessary.───但是這個斯時結(jié)婚證又過期了,接下來應(yīng)該怎么辦呢?

32 、Oppositely,I think the AD of Dumex powdered milk is a perfect originality.───通過一塊蛋糕,9個小朋友分享來說明喝多美滋奶粉的小朋友既聰明又有愛心。

33 、The metaphase plate would thus be the null point between two equal but oppositely directed and acting groups of kinetochore tubules───中期板大概是兩個相等而方向相反的放射狀著絲點微管群之間的平衡點。

34 、Actually, I'm here to do the opposite.─── 其實 我是來說完全相反的話

35 、bad luck can never hinder you from creating a brilliant process, oppositely you can replace death with a wonderful process.───因為壞運也無法阻擋你去創(chuàng)造一個精彩的過程,相反你可以把死亡也變成一個精彩的過程。相反壞運更利于你去創(chuàng)造精彩的過程。

36 、Oppositely,idiopathic serous pigment epithelium detachment (IPED) is unusually seen,characterized by accumulation of serous fluid under localized retinal pigmentepithelium.───而特發(fā)性漿液性色素上皮脫離(idiopathic serous pigment epithelium detachment,IPED)則較少見,特征為局部RPE下漿液積聚。

37 、Inversely or oppositely related with respect to one of a group of otherwise identical properties, especially designating either or both of a pair of complex numbers differing only in the sign of the imaginary term.───共軛的與性質(zhì)相同的一群中的某一元素相反或相對的,尤指只有虛部不同的一個或一對復數(shù)

38 、No, no, no, it's quite the opposite.─── 不 不 不 恰恰相反

39 、3. The directional of microphone: the unidirectional and the noise canceling microphone have vents at the bottom; oppositely, the omnidirectional microphone is completely sealed.───麥克風指向性:麥克風背有有氣孔的,就是有指向性或抗噪型的麥克風,完全密封的,就是全指向的麥克風.收藏指正

40 、Oppositely, under the immature structure, branding management has to emphasize on the sales models cooperating with partners.───在不成熟的通路結(jié)構(gòu)下,品牌經(jīng)營應(yīng)該著重與經(jīng)銷商之間的合作銷售模式。

41 、When install the stabilizer, cperator makes positive and negative of the power oppositely, stabilizer automatically to avoid damaging.───在安裝過程中,由于操作失誤導致輸入電源正、負極接反時,安定器自動停止工作,避免損壞。

42 、If you are a novice driver and not sufficiently accustomed to R/C car driving, you may feel as if the car steered oppositely to the transmitter movement when the car runs towards you.───如果你是個新手而不太習慣**車的控制方法,你會覺得當車向你開來時,車子與你控制的方向相反。

43 、I don't think it is ugly,oppositely,it's beautiful.───我覺得它并不丑,恰恰相反,(我覺得)它挺美的.

44 、oppositely sensed───反指向的

45 、We must develop our potential ability, avail ourselves of latent minds, thus obtaining our goals;oppositely, your fruits will be nothing but sighing vacantly.───充分開發(fā)你的潛能,利用你的潛意識,幫助你達成目標,反之,則如竹籃打水,到頭來一無所獲,空自嘆耳。

46 、Gotted out, walks 100 meters, the street oppositely is my family forward.───下了車,向前走100米,馬路對面就是我家。

47 、The oppositely directed magnetic fields reconnected there, and half of the newly formed field lines shifted rapidly downward, where they stacked up on existing magnetic loops.───方向彼此相反的磁場在此處重連,半數(shù)新生成的磁力線迅速向底部移動,堆疊在既有的磁環(huán)上面。

48 、The improved sole heel is provided with a line-shaped opening, two sides above the sole are oppositely fixed with a plurality of hooks;───改進型鞋底跟部有“一”字型的開口,鞋底上方的兩邊固定有相對應(yīng)的若干個搭鉤;

49 、Little Boon Ming had started to grow HORIZONTALLY while little Kai Yit did oppositely: VERTICAL.───小文明開始向橫發(fā)展,有肥肉的影子了,而小鎧毅也有點瘦骨化的傾向了。

50 、The ultrathin multilayer films were built-up by self-assemble of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes in aqueous solution.Its structure can be designed at molecular scale.───相反電荷的聚電解質(zhì)在溶液中通過靜電相互作用自組裝形成超薄多層膜,這種膜的結(jié)構(gòu)可實現(xiàn)分子水平上的控制。

51 、It was found that with the increase of S1, the correct rate would decrease oppositely.───我們發(fā)現(xiàn)當S1較大時,識別正確率反而下降,可能此時網(wǎng)絡(luò)的非線性程度過高,使其不適合于該類樣本集的訓練。

52 、The preparation of polyacrylamide (PAM) barium-alginate gels by selecting oppositely charged PAM is introduced and compared with ordinary barium-alginate gels.───通過選擇與所固定細胞表面所帶相反電荷的聚丙烯酰胺(簡稱PAM)制成PAM-海藻酸鋇復合凝膠,并與普通海藻酸鋇凝膠進行比較。

53 、oppositely equal pencils───反向等線束

54 、I said you should not just watch the play only which waste your time, oppositely , you should struggle for yourself .───我說你不能這樣啊,得自己好好奮斗,光看那片只是浪費時間啊。

55 、Oh, opposite, opposite. It's usually much busier.─── 恰恰相反呢 今天可比平時清閑多了

56 、Logic and objectivity are common as the main representation of male's exterior attitude, or consider as a ideal at least, oppositely, emotion is the preponderant as in female.───邏輯和客觀性普遍地在男性的外在態(tài)度中占居優(yōu)勢,或至少被當做一種理想,相反地,在女性的情況則是情感占居優(yōu)勢。

57 、For a CW Ti: sapphire rins laser without optical diode, there are two output beams corresponding to two oppositely traveling waves in the cavity.───在連續(xù)鈦寶石環(huán)形激光腔中,無光學單向器時存在相向傳播的兩束光波,有兩個對應(yīng)的輸出光束。

58 、They meets on the train, he sits in her oppositely, he is a painter.───他和她邂遇在火車上,他坐在她對面,他是個畫家。

59 、There is a cinema opposit to the bookstore.───在書店對面是一家**院。

60 、The two clouds of oppositely charged particles are then superimposed by adjusting electrical fields in a cylindrical "mixing trap" lined with detectors.───相對的充滿粒子的二團云然后在與探測器相連的圓筒形“混合線圈”中受電場調(diào)整為分層。

61 、In short, it is a bond formed by the attraction between two oppositely charged ions.───這一過程稱為 電離 。電離過程所需或放出的能量稱為 電離能 。

62 、20 It is supposed that you are crossing a river in a boat, and an empty boat suddenly come oppositely to collide with your boat.───我們?nèi)酥詴鷼鈩优?,全是因為有對象才會發(fā)生。如果您在河中泛舟,突然有一條空船從對面駛過來,這條空船頃刻間將您的船撞翻了;

63 、Abstract: The ultrathin multilayer films were built-up b y self-assemble of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes in aqueous solution.Its structure can be designed at molecular scale.───文摘:相反電荷的聚電解質(zhì)在溶液中通過靜電相互作用自組裝形成超薄多層膜,這種膜的結(jié)構(gòu)可實現(xiàn)分子水平上的控制。

64 、(especially of vectors) parallel but oppositely directed.───(尤其用于向量)平行的但卻反向的。

65 、except any fortune from you. Oppositely, what they want is your acknowledgement and the feeling of being a family.───愛你的父母,幫助你的母親做點家務(wù).父母并不期望從你身上得到財富,他們需要的是你對他們的認可和家的感覺.

66 、We'd have no opposition in the election.─── 這樣我們在這場選舉里毫無障礙了

67 、needling of opposit side───繆刺, 交經(jīng)繆刺

68 、If you feel like going in the opposite direction, then go in the opposite direction.─── 如果有人想向往反方向走 就照做吧

69 、By observing the flame distribution of a burning flame ring, this experiment vividly shows the condition of the two oppositely travelling wave trains which cohere in the space of the ring and form standing, waves.───本實驗通過觀察火焰環(huán)燃燒的火苗分布,形象生動地展現(xiàn)了兩列相向傳播的波列在環(huán)內(nèi)空間相干并形成駐波的情況。

70 、The directional of microphone: the unidirectional and the noise canceling microphone have vents at the bottom; oppositely, the omnidirectional microphone is completely sealed.───麥克風指向性:麥克風背有有氣孔的,就是有指向性或抗噪型的麥克風,完全密封的,就是全指向的麥克風.

71 、We can convert uncertain into oppositely certain.───不確定性可以轉(zhuǎn)化為相對確定性。

72 、oppositely equal ranges───反向等點列

73 、Men are always the wreckers, oppositely women are victims.Men act..───肇事的總是男人,受傷的總是女人,男人竟然還有這么多理由。

74 、We're from opposite worlds, you and I.─── 我們兩個 完全是不同世界的人

75 、The result showed that the variant coefficient of PEPOEFL was 7.8%.The photosynthetic effect of photosynthetic organ except flag leaf was mutually oppositely related.───結(jié)果表明,非旗葉光合效應(yīng)在不同材料間的變異系數(shù)為7.8%,并與千粒重之間存在顯著負相關(guān)。

76 、Oppositely we take it for granted that making money is not all to an enterprise development by earning profit.───我們則認為賺取利潤是企業(yè)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ),但決不是企業(yè)發(fā)展的全部。

77 、I won't be sad,oppositely, I 'm very happy.So I will pray for you :Happy Forever!───我不會悲傷,相對的,我很高興.所以我會祝福你們永遠開心!

78 、These cases suggests that current sheets that separate open and closed magnetic fluxes in the low corona,and oppositely directed open field lines in the high corona are possible sites for bidirectional electron acceleration.───2 .在低日冕分離開放磁場和閉合磁場的電流片 ,以及高日冕相反方向的開放磁力線的交叉區(qū)域可能都是雙向電子加速區(qū)。

79 、oppositely directed photons───反方向傳播的光子

80 、Long time ago, I'm afraid writing words because it's so empty in my voice.That I thought it includes more vivid sense in the passage, oppositely the characters purely.───寫文章,有了感情才會生動,沒有感情那就是單純的文字,所以長久以來,我都不敢寫文章,就是因為覺得自己才缺乏對文字的感情,沒有情感的文字,還是不寫為好。

81 、In an aerosol containing equal numbers of charged particles of both signs, the diffusive encounters for oppositely charged particles are more effective than for uncharged particles.───若氣溶膠中含有等量正負帶電粒子,那么正負帶電粒子間的**碰撞比非帶電粒子更容易實現(xiàn)。

82 、oppositely, they will reduce the probability of delinquency if the expected cost exceeds the expected utility.───反之,則會降低從事偏差行為的可能性。

83 、Oppositely, American female regard housework as important as working outside;───相反, 美國女性認為做家務(wù)與外出工作一樣重要;

選詞語和詞組填空補全短文

選詞語和詞組填空補全短文

根據(jù)四級考試大綱,完型填空滿分占710分的10%。其主要形式是在一篇約300詞的文章中留出20個空白,要求考生從每題給出的4個選項中選出最佳答案,使補全后的文章意思通順、前后連貫、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。相比較以前,完型填空的閱讀量加大了。文章從以前的250詞增加到現(xiàn)在的300詞。做好完型填空雖然也需要好的英語功底,但是我們可以列出一些方法和要點,供大家參考,提高復習和做題的效率。

一、完型填空測試的步驟

1. 完型填空題測試點

完型填空題測試點主要在語法、詞法、理解、綜合、背景知識幾方面。具體講:

語法題包括詞序、結(jié)構(gòu)詞(連詞、介詞的搭配)、動詞詞形(時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣、動名詞、不定式、分詞)、不定代詞的用法、比較級的使用。這類題的選擇一般在句子里就可做出正確判斷。詞匯題一般是實義詞,包括名詞(詞組)、形容詞、副詞等,不僅包括它們的同義詞、近義詞,而且還包括詞的搭配、習慣用法。選擇時要根據(jù)上下文,甚至在通篇理解的基礎(chǔ)上,往往不能根據(jù)一句話做出準確的選擇,要防止“見樹不見林”的現(xiàn)象。

背景知識題主要是考查讀者的常識。有時文章中提供的信息并不夠,還需要與讀者頭腦中儲存的一般知識信息結(jié)合起來考慮,最后做出符合常識的最佳選擇。當然,試題的設(shè)計者應(yīng)盡量避免這類題的出現(xiàn),因為它已超出了語言考查的范圍。綜合題在英語知識運用(Cloze Test)中也占一定的比例。特別是在近幾年考試中,這種題的出現(xiàn)加大了試題的難度,它往往在一道題中對詞匯和語法同時進行了考查。

2.做完型填空試題的一般方法、步驟

(1)細讀首句、啟示全文。完型填空所選短文一般無標題,但首句通常不設(shè)空格,因此它往往是了解文章全貌的“窗口”;因此可判斷文章體裁,推測文章大意,對我們理解全文有重要的啟示作用。

(2)通讀全文,掌握大意。先要穩(wěn)下心來,“硬著頭皮”把短文從頭到尾快速閱讀一至兩遍,

以從整體上感知全文,掌握大意。跳過空格、不看選項、快速閱讀,困難肯定是有的。但要注意文中的暗示,努力找出關(guān)鍵詞。如果是故事性文章,那時間、地點、人物就是關(guān)鍵詞;抓住了關(guān)鍵詞就抓住了故事的線索,進而理解全文,此時選填就不會是胡猜亂填??梢?,通讀全文進而掌握大意是做好“完型填空”的先決條件。在掌握了短文大意之后,才可邊讀短文邊選擇答案。在閱讀過程中,也許有些答案會在腦海中浮現(xiàn),有些覺得很有把握或是不大,這時最好不要急于動筆,先讀完。因為有些空白處,從單一的句子本身來看是難以確定答案的。因此,完型填空難度在于要能大致讀懂一篇留有許多空白的短文,這就要求考生具有相當?shù)拈喿x能力和通過長期大量閱讀而形成的語感。

(3)瞻前顧后,先易后難。瞻前顧后即前后觀察,對空格前后句子作深入分析,確定空格在句中的意思。如果是語法問題,不僅要考慮時態(tài)、語態(tài),還要考慮整個詞法、句法。如果是語義問題,要從上下文分析,依據(jù)短文自身完整的語言環(huán)境進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷。先易后難就是首先選出那些只根據(jù)上下文就能確定的、直接的、明顯的答案,諸如固定詞組、常見句型等。這就增強了信心,減輕了心理壓力,以便集中精力解決難度較大的選項。瞻前顧后,不要忘記首尾照應(yīng),首句之重要大家已注意,同時不要忽視尾句的畫龍點睛的作用。另外要牢記文章的中心思想,每個空白處的含義與前后句的意思要聯(lián)系起來理解。文章最前面的空格提出的問題很有可能要到文章的末尾才能找到答案。

(4)上下連貫,合乎邏輯。這是從句子結(jié)構(gòu)的角度來考慮。如果空白處位于引導狀語從句的位置上,則首先要分清是何種狀語從句(時間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、目的、讓步、比較關(guān)系、行為方式……),然后再選擇適當?shù)脑~填空。總之,填入單詞后要使句子意思和結(jié)構(gòu)都完整,上下連貫,合乎邏輯。

(5)復核全文,消除疏漏。填空全部完成后,還要通讀一遍,檢查是否前后貫通、內(nèi)容清楚、主題突出。復讀過程中,如果有某些地方意義含混或矛盾,就應(yīng)該依據(jù)文章的中心意思來重新考慮。凡不通之處,必有待推敲的疑點。應(yīng)從意義和語法兩個角度仔細權(quán)衡,加以改正,以便彌補疏漏。從語法上,檢查一下所完成的句子是否主謂一致:時態(tài)、語態(tài)是否正確;句詞、代詞的性、格是否一致;動詞、形容詞、名詞與介詞的搭配是否準確無誤。對于個別難度較大的空項,可以憑著自己的語感,堅持第一感覺選擇的答案

二、完型填空解題技巧

英語知識運用是一種綜合測試方式。通過研究歷年考題發(fā)現(xiàn),考生要準確補全文章空白 處,使其意義連貫,應(yīng)實現(xiàn)四種類型的語篇銜接,即語義銜接、邏輯銜接、結(jié)構(gòu)銜接和慣用 銜接。要實現(xiàn)這四種銜接,考生可聯(lián)系上下文邏輯關(guān)系,或依據(jù)一些線索詞來完成。以下將 從詞匯、語法、語篇三個層面介紹一下這四種銜接的特點、反映在試題上的考點及其做題技 巧。

(一)詞匯

1.利用動詞詞組中的介詞或副詞確定正確選項

如果我們認識某一詞組,可根據(jù)自己的判斷毫不猶豫地選擇你認為是正確的選項。如果 不認識或拿不準它們的意義,我們可以根據(jù)動詞后邊的介詞或副詞進行推導。

2.利用固定搭配或習慣用語

四級詞匯題目涉及對各種短語、固定詞組和慣用語的測試,其所占的比例相當大。測試范圍包括動詞短語、動詞與其他詞語構(gòu)成的習語、介詞短語、形容詞短語等。這類詞組主要是習慣性和固定搭配用法,不能主觀臆測,也不能隨意創(chuàng)造,只能靠記硬背。

3.根據(jù)鄰近原則,利用詞語意義的互相聯(lián)系,確定選擇的依據(jù)。

(1)選項為名詞時,其前后的名詞為選擇的依據(jù)。

(2)選項為動詞、動詞詞組(包括動名詞、動詞的分詞形式)時,其前后的動詞、名詞、介詞為選擇依據(jù)。

(3)選項為形容詞時,可以其前后出現(xiàn)的名詞、動詞、副詞、介詞為依據(jù)。

(4)選項為副詞時,其前后出現(xiàn)的動詞、形容詞、副詞為判斷依據(jù)。

(二)語法

熟悉歷年考題中常出現(xiàn)的語法考點。

分析前后分句間的邏輯等同關(guān)系,進行邏輯推理,從而確定正確選項在完型填空中,句子間的邏輯關(guān)系主要包括:

表示并列關(guān)系的連接詞有and,while等。

表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連接詞有but,however,though,whereas,nevertheless,although,yet,on the contrary,otherwise,on the other hand,after all,for all,still,notwithstanding等。

表示順序關(guān)系的連接詞有before,after,and,to begin with,first,firstly,second, secondly,出en,next,finally,and so on等。

表示解釋關(guān)系的連接詞有that is to say,in other words,to put it another way等。

表示因果關(guān)系的連接詞有so,therefore,thus,because,accordingly,as a result, consequently,hence,for this reason,for,since, as等。

表示讓步關(guān)系的連接詞有though,although,despite,in spite of,after all,even though,even if, while,whereas等。

表示條件關(guān)系的連接詞有it, unless,once,provided that,in case (of)等。

表示附加說明、例證的連接詞有l(wèi)ikewise, similarly,in a like manner,for example,for instance,incidentally,indeed,in fact,in other words,in particular,specifically,that is,to illustrate等。

表示概括總結(jié)的連接詞有so,in brief,in short,in conclusion,in a word,on the whole, generally speaking, to sum up, to summarize, to conclude等。

(三)語篇

1.利用句中的釋義、同位替代或定語解釋

在閱讀過程中碰到意義不清的詞語,有時句子本身就包含一些線索,如同義、反義關(guān)系、定義、比喻、同位語、舉例、歸納、歸類等等,考生要學會在句中找出這些線索,從而更好地理解短文內(nèi)容。

2.通過理解上下文語義,根據(jù)相關(guān)線索詞(尤其是連接詞)作邏輯推理

(1)原因、結(jié)果:表示某一事物發(fā)生的原因。表示原因的連詞寫在表示原因的句子內(nèi),結(jié)果連詞用來連接某一事物所引起的結(jié)果。表達原因、結(jié)果的常用詞或詞組有:because,since,as,due to the fact that,so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,as a result,as a consequence,now that,in that等。

(2)轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步:它表示后一種觀點或事實與前一種觀點或事實相比有些出乎意料。常用的詞或詞組有:however,vet,but,anyhow,anyway,nevertheless,in spite of等。

(3)比較、對比:比較關(guān)系表示意義上的相似關(guān)系;對比關(guān)系表示意義上的不同或相反。表達比較、對比的常見詞和詞組有:in comparison,by comparison,like,as,just as,in contrast,by contrast,conversely,oppositely,on the contrary,instead of,rather than等。

(4)列舉:指敘述一系列相關(guān)的事實、觀點等。表示列舉邏輯關(guān)系的可以是單詞,也可以是詞組,常見的有:first(ly),second(ly),third(ly)…;first,next,then,last:one,two,three…;for one thing,for another thing…等。

(5)補充:表示對前一個事實或觀點做進一步的闡述。表示這種邏輯關(guān)系的詞或詞組常用的有:also,too,similarly,further,moreover,likewise,in addition,furthermore,what's more,not only…but also…,some…others…等。

3.根據(jù)上下文,尋找連接通篇的復現(xiàn)詞語

詞匯的復現(xiàn)關(guān)系是指某一詞以原詞、指代詞、同義詞、近義詞、反義詞、概括詞等出現(xiàn)在語篇中,句子通過這種重現(xiàn)關(guān)系得到了相互銜接。根據(jù)這一原則,有時某一個空格所對應(yīng)的答案可能就是在上下文中復現(xiàn)的相關(guān)詞。我們可以根據(jù)這些復現(xiàn)詞之間的有機聯(lián)系找到正確的答案??荚囶}中出現(xiàn)的同現(xiàn)現(xiàn)象主要是動詞與名詞的同現(xiàn)、形容詞與名詞的同現(xiàn)、名詞與名詞的同現(xiàn)。

4.參照語境,利用文章線索、舉例或提示

所謂語境就是我們常說的上下文。廣義的語境指所有的上下文,段與段之間、句子與句子之間、句子與段之間的語義關(guān)系。一切語義的理解都離不開上下文。狹義的語境是指句子內(nèi)部的詞語在語義上的聯(lián)系,我們根據(jù)這些聯(lián)系和選項的辨析選出正確的答案,這種語境原則上應(yīng)與詞匯水平中的辨析結(jié)合起來。

由于完型填空的短文是一個意義完整、上下關(guān)聯(lián)的語篇,它所討論的是同一主題,行文中的替代現(xiàn)象和詞語重復都是不可避免的。因此在解答時,應(yīng)該瞻前顧后,尋找相關(guān)線索,如同義、近義詞,有時甚至直接搬用文章中的詞語或短語??忌鷳?yīng)該學會跳出句子層次的樊籬,聯(lián)系句際間的意義銜接和前后段落的呼應(yīng)關(guān)系,在大范圍內(nèi)進行總體把握,形成“全景式”的考慮。

5.利用文章相關(guān)背景知識和常識

完型填空短文的內(nèi)容經(jīng)常涉及到的是日常生活或常識。例如,2002年考到的短文是關(guān)于媒體的發(fā)展歷史及信息社會。如果出現(xiàn)這種情況,要善于利用相關(guān)背景或常識來增強理解,幫助答

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