?musculoskeletal

musculoskeletal發(fā)音

英：[?m?skj?l??'skel?t?l]　　美：[?m?skj?lo?'skel?t?l]

英：　　美：

musculoskeletal中文意思翻譯

肌(與)骨骼的

musculoskeletal詞形變化

名詞: muscularity | 副詞: muscularly |

musculoskeletal常見(jiàn)例句

1 、Objectives: Nursing personnel working in nursing homes have quite a high musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) rate in many countries.───摘要目標(biāo)：許多國(guó)家的研究顯示，在護(hù)理之家工作的護(hù)理人員有很高的肌肉骨骼傷害率。

2 、Extracorporeal shock wave therapy for musculoskeletal system diseases───體外沖擊波療法在骨組織及肌肉系統(tǒng)疾病中的應(yīng)用

3 、If the musculoskeletal system is not in proper alignment, the central nervous system cannot properly relay inforyoga mation to the body and illness may soon to follow.───如果肌肉骨骼系統(tǒng)以不正確的形式結(jié)合，那么中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)就無(wú)法把信息正確地傳遞給身體的其他部位，疾病就可能接踵而至,徵信社。

4 、HEALTH EFFECTS OF MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM IN VDT WORKERS───VDT作業(yè)對(duì)肌肉骨骼系統(tǒng)的健康影響研究

5 、A human musculoskeletal system will be built, and this system will be able to export transformed individualized musculoskeletal geometric model for specific human parameters.───它是一個(gè)人體骨肌系統(tǒng)參數(shù)化幾何模型，通過(guò)輸入人體參數(shù)，可以轉(zhuǎn)換為具體研究對(duì)象的骨肌系統(tǒng)模型；

6 、Sonography for diagnosis of musculoskeletal abnormalities has the advantages of dynamic evaluation of structures, relatively low cost, no radiation, and wide availability.───摘要使用超音波診斷骨骼肌肉疾病有可動(dòng)態(tài)檢查，非侵犯性，費(fèi)用較低廉，無(wú)輻射線，準(zhǔn)確度高，不耗時(shí)，并可廣泛適用等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

7 、massive musculoskeletal pain───廣泛性肌肉骨骼痛

8 、The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence, types and risk factors of musculoskeletal discomforts in electronics workers.───本研究的主要目的便是瞭解造成此類(lèi)問(wèn)題之可能因素與其表現(xiàn)型態(tài)，并進(jìn)一步探討其預(yù)防之道。

9 、CLINICAL OBSERVATION OF THE EFFECT OF HARPAGOPHYTUM PROCUMBENS ON CHRONIC PAIN OF MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM───帕歌斯治療骨骼肌肉系統(tǒng)慢性疼痛的臨床觀察

10 、When the Hypermobility Syndrome was first put on the medical map in 1967, it was defined as the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms (predominantly pain) occurring in otherwise healthy individuals.───當(dāng)Hypermobility綜合徵是首先把醫(yī)療地圖在1967年，它被界定為在場(chǎng)的肌肉骨骼癥狀（主要是疼痛）發(fā)生在其他健康人。

11 、Shock-wave therapy is indicated for treatment of genitourinary concretion and musculoskeletal disease, it is routine method in clinic.───摘要體外沖擊波療法已廣泛應(yīng)用于臨床泌尿外科和骨科，成為治療泌尿系結(jié)石和骨骼肌肉系統(tǒng)疾病的常規(guī)治療方法。

12 、It seems to be that an event that changes rapidly like he's describing is not a musculoskeletal problem.─── 我覺(jué)得他所描述的頻繁變化的癥狀 并不像是肌肉骨骼問(wèn)題

13 、The musculoskeletal system is also a finite element model, and FE analysis can be performed for global or local skeletal components.───它同時(shí)是人體全身骨肌系統(tǒng)的有限元模型，可以做全身骨骼或局部骨骼的有限元分析。

14 、Differentiation of musculoskeletal tumors: quantitative assessment with dynamic MR imaging───動(dòng)態(tài)增強(qiáng)磁共振成像對(duì)肌肉骨骼系統(tǒng)腫瘤性質(zhì)鑒別的定量研究

15 、This course is well suited for the treatment of specific musculoskeletal disorders and soft tissue injury. Effective treatment protocols have been tested in a practical setting.───本課程中將向?qū)W生講授臨床中已經(jīng)得到充分驗(yàn)證的治療骨關(guān)節(jié)疾病、及軟組織損傷等疾病的基本技術(shù)，豐富學(xué)生未來(lái)臨床工作的工作方法。

16 、We found that hysterectomy was associated with chronic LBP, chronic UEP, and combined chronic LBP/ UEP, suggesting that hysterectomy may be associated with chronic musculoskeletal pain in general.───我們發(fā)現(xiàn)子宮切除術(shù)史與慢性LBP、UEP及LBP/UEP之間有聯(lián)系，提示子宮切除術(shù)史與與慢性肌肉骨骼痛間有聯(lián)系。

17 、Prevalence and Determinants of Musculoskeletal Complaints of Upper Extremity in Industries of Taiwan. 27th International Congress on Occupational Health, February 23-28, 2003, Iguassu Falls, Brazil.───比較臺(tái)北地區(qū)74年度與90年度臍帶血中鉛濃度分布及其影響因素。2002年工業(yè)衛(wèi)生學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)，2002年4月26-27日。

18 、Keywords Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity;Methylphenidate;Musculoskeletal equilibrium;───注意力缺陷障礙伴多動(dòng);哌醋甲酯;肌肉骨骼平衡;

19 、Traditional Chinese massage is performed frequently for musculoskeletal disorder among the Chinese population.───摘要在華人社會(huì)里，按摩經(jīng)常被作為肌肉骨骼疾病的傳統(tǒng)治療。

20 、Congenital musculoskeletal abnormality───先天性肌肉骨骼畸形

21 、They provide a wide range of services mostly related to musculoskeletal problem and injuries.───他們提供多方面的服務(wù),主要有關(guān)筋骨勞損和創(chuàng)傷評(píng)估及治療。

22 、Three musculoskeletal radiologists retrospectively interpreted the plain film examinations of each patient, to establish the ground truth for the presence or absence of a fracture.───3位專攻骨骼系統(tǒng)方面的放射科專家回顧性審閱了每個(gè)患者的膝關(guān)節(jié)平片，確認(rèn)是否存在骨折。

23 、Extra-articular resections were associated with lower Musculoskeletal Tumor Society scores.───關(guān)節(jié)外手術(shù)切除腫瘤導(dǎo)致肌肉骨骼腫瘤學(xué)評(píng)分降低。

24 、Bassett and his colleagues at Columbia also researched the use of PEMFs on other musculoskeletal problems, and had considerable success.───巴塞特和他的同事們?cè)诟鐐惐葋嗊€研究了脈沖電磁場(chǎng)對(duì)其他骨骼的使用問(wèn)題，并已取得相當(dāng)?shù)某晒Α?/p>

25 、The award is the first of its kind, a Center of Research Translation (CORT) grant in orthopaedics from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases.───國(guó)立關(guān)節(jié)炎、肌與骨及皮膚疾病研究所的整形外科的資金來(lái)源于成果轉(zhuǎn)化中心(CORT)，這種形式的資助還是第一次。

26 、Howeer, as with any chronic musculoskeletal infection, all foreign material may need remoal before a second repair.───但是，在任何的慢性運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)感染病例中，在進(jìn)行新的修復(fù)術(shù)之前任何外來(lái)的材料都必須去除。

27 、In the pediatric department he studied, Clark wrote, about 10 percent of all isits are for these kinds of musculoskeletal injuries.───克拉克在文章中寫(xiě)道，在他從事該研究的小兒科，約10%的就診患者屬于這些肌肉骨骼損傷。

28 、Keywords Cardiopulmonary exercise test;Musculoskeletal fu nction;Work ability;───動(dòng)態(tài)心肺功能;骨骼肌肉功能;工作能力;

29 、Some of the reasons that higher percentage of the elderly suffered with musculoskeletal pain are related to the changes of extensibility of connective tissue, muscle power, and muscle reaction time.───中老年人有較高的比例出現(xiàn)肌肉骨骼系統(tǒng)疼痛，部分原因是對(duì)抗重力的肌肉及軟組織隨著組織退化而功能消退，反應(yīng)協(xié)調(diào)能力下降。

30 、In this article we reviewed the advancement of FS technique applied in the musculoskeletal system.───本文綜述了脂肪抑制技術(shù)在肌肉骨骼系統(tǒng)疾病診斷中的應(yīng)用進(jìn)展。

31 、Evidence is extremely limited to support the use of antispastic agents for musculoskeletal conditions, for which an antispasmodic agent is typically more appropriate.───支持在肌骨骼疾病中使用前一種肌松藥的依據(jù)非常有限，使用后一種肌松藥更為合適。

32 、Congenital deformity of musculoskeletal system───先天性肌肉骨骼系統(tǒng)畸形

33 、Keywords 99Tc-MDP;Breast cancer;Endocrine therapy;Musculoskeletal pain;───乳腺癌;內(nèi)分泌治療;骨關(guān)節(jié)、肌肉痛;

34 、We performed a systematic oeriew of randomized statin trials to quantify the risks of musculoskeletal, renal, and hepatic complications associated with therapy.───我們通過(guò)他汀藥物隨機(jī)試驗(yàn)的系統(tǒng)觀察，定量研究了與治療相關(guān)的他汀類(lèi)藥物引起的骨骼肌、腎臟以及肝臟的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

35 、Analysis of extracorporeal shock wave therapy in immediate treatment of musculoskeletal disorders───體外沖擊波療法治療肩關(guān)節(jié)周?chē)椎募磿r(shí)效果分析

36 、active painful musculoskeletal disease───活動(dòng)性痛性肌肉骨胳疾病

37 、Methods 9 cases were treated by adequate surgery and 6 cases by inadequate surgery in total 15 cases according to the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Classification.───方法根據(jù)國(guó)際肌肉骨骼腫瘤學(xué)會(huì)分類(lèi)法,15例患者中充分手術(shù)9例,不充分手術(shù)6例。

38 、However, many of the studies that prospectively defined and monitored adverse events showed that most of these were musculoskeletal complaints including joint pain and muscle soreness.───不過(guò)，許多定義與監(jiān)測(cè)副作用的前溯研究顯示，多數(shù)為肌肉骨骼方面的抱怨，包括關(guān)節(jié)疼痛與肌肉痠痛。

39 、However, orthotics and supportive footwear, by restricting foot movement, also prevent the natural foot dynamics required for optimal healthy musculoskeletal function.───更有甚者，長(zhǎng)此下去會(huì)導(dǎo)致腳肌肉的萎縮，骨關(guān)節(jié)的變形，增加足部對(duì)鞋支撐結(jié)構(gòu)的依賴性。

40 、Keywords Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity;Musculoskeletal equilibrium Child;───注意力缺陷障礙伴多動(dòng);肌肉骨骼平衡;兒童;

41 、If the musculoskeletal system is not in proper alignment,yoga mat, the central nervous system cannot properly relay inforpvc mation to the body and illness may soon to follow.───如果肌肉骨骼系統(tǒng)以不正確的形式結(jié)合，那么中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)就無(wú)法把信息正確地傳遞給身體的其他部位，疾病就可能接踵而至。

42 、Functional outcomes were measured using the 1993 Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Rating Scale (MSTS93).───使用1993年肌與骨骼腫瘤協(xié)會(huì)量表（MSTS93）來(lái)評(píng)定功能結(jié)果。

43 、Deltoid resection (partial or complete) resulted in a reduced postoperative range of motion in flexion and abduction but had no effect on the mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score.───三角肌切除（部分或完全）導(dǎo)致屈伸運(yùn)動(dòng)及術(shù)后活動(dòng)范圍減少，但對(duì)平均肌肉骨骼腫瘤學(xué)評(píng)分無(wú)影響。

44 、Hip disorders in childhood and adolescent, Clubfoot deformity, Congenital and idiopathic scoliosis, Limb deformtiy, Musculoskeletal trauma, infection and sequalae, bone tumour───擅長(zhǎng)：兒童骨科，先天性和發(fā)育性脊柱、四肢畸形的矯治，骨骼肌肉系統(tǒng)的創(chuàng)傷及并發(fā)癥，骨與關(guān)節(jié)重建

45 、Methods: A complex musculoskeletal wound was created in the proximal part of the leg of goats.───方法：在山羊腿的近心端部位造一個(gè)肌與骨骼的復(fù)合傷口。

46 、It has a musculo skeletal bank which collects, preserves and distributes musculoskeletal tissue.───它擁有一家肌肉骨骼銀行，來(lái)蒐集、保存和提供肌肉骨骼組織。

47 、Function was assessed with the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score.───功能則采用短肌骨骼功能評(píng)估表及美國(guó)足踝矯形外科社會(huì)評(píng)分進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。

48 、Study on vascularity of musculoskeletal system tumor by three-dimensional color power angiography───三維彩色血管能量成像對(duì)肌肉骨骼系統(tǒng)腫瘤血供分布研究

49 、Tendon is an important structure in musculoskeletal system.Understanding the influence of aging tendon and exercise training can improve the motor ability and reduce the incidence of tendon lesions.───摘要肌腱是肌肉骨骼系統(tǒng)中的重要結(jié)構(gòu)，全面了解衰老肌膜及運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練對(duì)其影響有利于改善老年人運(yùn)動(dòng)能力的下降和肌腱損傷發(fā)生幾率的增加。

50 、Learn principles of acute and chronic pain management in patients with musculoskeletal disorders.───學(xué)習(xí)處置肌肉骨骼傷病患者急性與慢性疼痛之原則.

51 、While higher leels of physical actiity may place increased load on the musculoskeletal system that could potentially contribute to RSI, the study found no such link.───既然更高水平的體力活動(dòng)會(huì)增加肌肉與骨骼系統(tǒng)的負(fù)荷，那么它就可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致RSI，但研究發(fā)現(xiàn)不存在這種聯(lián)系。

52 、Seamless interface with the patient's nervous and musculoskeletal systems.─── 和病人神經(jīng)系統(tǒng) 和肌肉骨骼系統(tǒng)無(wú)縫對(duì)接

53 、Healthcare System Approach May Reduce Disability Associated With Musculoskeletal Disorders───醫(yī)療保健的系統(tǒng)方法可以降低肌與骨骼疾病相關(guān)的殘疾

54 、Westggard RH, Aras A.Postural muscle strain as casual factor in the development of musculoskeletal illness.───馮兆康.黃建財(cái)：護(hù)理人員背部及腿部及肩部肌肉骨骼傷害之相關(guān)因子研究。

55 、New are chapters on dermatology, musculoskeletal problems, and development disabilities/special needs.───在皮膚病學(xué)，肌與骨骼的問(wèn)題和發(fā)展生理殘障/特別的需要上的章新。

56 、Mixed Finite Element Formulation for Dynamic Response of Soft Tissues of Human Musculoskeletal System───人體肌骨軟組織動(dòng)力響應(yīng)的混合有限元解法

57 、The diagnostic value of CT-guided percutaneous biopsy in the musculoskeletal system───CT引導(dǎo)下經(jīng)皮穿刺活檢在肌骨病變中的診斷價(jià)值

58 、The application of dynamic contrast-enhanced CT imaging in differentiating benign musculoskeletal masses from malignant ones───CT動(dòng)態(tài)增強(qiáng)掃描在肌肉骨骼系統(tǒng)良惡性腫物鑒別中的價(jià)值

59 、Keywords High energy shock waves;Musculoskeletal disorder;Pain;───關(guān)鍵詞高能震波;肌肉骨關(guān)節(jié)疾病;疼痛;

60 、Keywords Arthroplasty;replacement;hip;Femur neck;Musculoskeletal equilibrium;───關(guān)節(jié)成形術(shù);置換;髖;股骨頸;肌肉骨骼平衡;

61 、The sites of CT guided biopsy and therapy included the thorax , abdomen, musculoskeletal system and brain .───包括CT導(dǎo)引經(jīng)皮活檢和介入性治療,它涉及胸部、腹部、肌肉骨骼系統(tǒng)和顱腦等部位。

62 、Study on the Relationship between Workload and Musculoskeletal Disorders among the Workers in An Automobile Factory───汽車(chē)生產(chǎn)工人的勞動(dòng)負(fù)荷與肌肉骨骼疾患的關(guān)系研究

63 、Study on Musculoskeletal Function among Workers in Chemical Industry and Its Association with Work Ability───化工工人肌肉骨骼功能及其與工作能力的關(guān)系

64 、Putz-Anderson,V.,1988,Cumulative Trauma Disorders: A manual for musculoskeletal diseases of upper limbs , Taylor & Francis, London.───锜信堯，2004，手工具設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)與人因評(píng)估-以螺絲起子為例，國(guó)立交通大學(xué)工業(yè)工程與工程管理研究所碩士論文。

65 、Musculoskeletal and functional muscle-bone analysis in children with rheumatic disease using peripheral quantitative computed tomography───外周定量計(jì)算機(jī)體層攝影術(shù)分析風(fēng)濕病兒童的肌肉及骨骼狀況

66 、a. The musculoskeletal system or skin, e.g. arthritis, rheumatism, gout, sciatica or any disorder of the bones or spine?───與肌肉及骨骼系統或皮膚有關的疾病，如：關節炎、風濕病、痛風、坐骨神經痛、或其他骨骼及脊椎問題?

67 、Summary of Background Data.Low back pain is one of the most common and costly musculoskeletal problems in modern society.───摘要：腰背痛是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中最普遍，花費(fèi)最高的肌肉骨骼疾病之一。

68 、Clinical Releance: The results of this animal study suggest that gene therapy with BMPs may improe the capacity of injured musculoskeletal tissue to heal.───臨床相關(guān)性：本動(dòng)物研究的結(jié)果表明采用BMP基因治療可以提高損傷肌骨骼組織愈合的能力。

69 、Shock-wave therapy is indicated for treatment of genitourinary concretion and musculoskeletal disease,it is routine method in clinic.───體外沖擊波療法已廣泛應(yīng)用于臨床泌尿外科和骨科,成為治療泌尿系結(jié)石和骨骼肌肉系統(tǒng)疾病的常規(guī)治療方法。

70 、Strategies and methods to improve therapists' own musculoskeletal health include prevention of low back pain and tendonitis.───促進(jìn)治療師肌肉骨骼健康，如預(yù)防下背痛與肌腱炎等。

71 、We performed a systematic overview of randomized statin trials to quantify the risks of musculoskeletal, renal, and hepatic complications associated with therapy.───我們進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)他汀藥物隨機(jī)試驗(yàn)的系統(tǒng)性評(píng)估以量化諸如骨骼肌、腎、肝臟治療的相關(guān)并發(fā)癥。

72 、Water from small Hom Shek Pik, Han Qin musculoskeletal, Kam-hair.───池水出自石壁小坎，寒沁肌骨，清鑒毛發(fā)。

73 、National Commission on Arthritis and Related Musculoskeletal Diseases───全國(guó)關(guān)節(jié)炎與相關(guān)肌骨骼疾病委員會(huì)

74 、Hertling D, Kessler RM： Management of Common Musculoskeletal Disorders - Physical Therapy Principles and Methods. 3rd ED,Philadelphia, Lippincott, 1996───參考書(shū)1.黃麗麗：淋巴水腫及其特殊按摩法.中華民國(guó)物理治療學(xué)會(huì)雜志,6:39-41,1981.

75 、Congenital anomaly of musculoskeletal system───先天性肌肉骨骼系統(tǒng)異常

76 、diffuse musculoskeletal pain───彌散性肌肉骨胳痛

77 、Musculoskeletal symptoms are widely recognized manifestations among hypothyroid patients.They are usually mild and insidious, consisting of weakness, cramps, pain, slowness, or stiffness.───摘要罹患甲狀腺機(jī)能低下癥的病人，常常出現(xiàn)肌肉及骨骼系統(tǒng)癥狀，例如肌肉無(wú)力、虛弱、疼痛、抽筋、僵硬及動(dòng)作遲緩等，通常癥狀輕微且發(fā)病過(guò)程緩慢。

78 、It is equally possible that that endometriosis or chronic pelic pain (as potential indications for hysterectomy) and chronic musculoskeletal pain may both be part of an oerarching pain problem.───或者存在這樣的可能：子宮內(nèi)膜異位或慢性骨盆疼痛（潛在子宮切除術(shù)指征）和慢性肌肉骨骼疼痛都是oerarchingpain（？）問(wèn)題的一部分。

79 、The value of time-signal intensity curve in diagnosing musculoskeletal masses───時(shí)間-信號(hào)強(qiáng)度曲線在肌骨系統(tǒng)腫塊中的診斷價(jià)值

80 、Other unanswered questions about musculoskeletal injury include the value of ice, compression, and elevation, as well as the optimal frequency and duration of these treatments.───其他有關(guān)肌肉骨骼損傷尚未解答的問(wèn)題包括：冰敷、加壓、抬高的價(jià)值及這些治療方法的最佳頻率和持續(xù)時(shí)間。

81 、Lasers in the Musculoskeletal System───激光在肌肉骨骼系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用

82 、Multi-oblique Needling Acupuncture in Treating Musculoskeletal Chronic Fatigue Damage───多針斜刺法治療慢性骨骼肌勞損

軟組織損傷新原則？

軟組織損傷處理的新原則：PEACE 和 LOVE

軟組織損傷的康復(fù)過(guò)程是復(fù)雜的。多年來(lái)，指導(dǎo)軟組織損傷的康復(fù)方法從ICE到RICE，又從PRICE到POLICE。盡管這些康復(fù)方法眾所周知，但支持這些方法的證據(jù)是有限的。ICE/RICE/PRICE側(cè)重于急性治療，忽略了組織愈合的亞急性階段和慢性階段。

我們提出了兩個(gè)新的略寫(xiě)詞來(lái)進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化軟組織損傷的康復(fù)過(guò)程。我們的方法包括急性護(hù)理期 PEACE（和平）原則和后續(xù)管理的 LOVE（愛(ài)）原則。PEACE & LOVE概述了健康教育和心理社會(huì)因素對(duì)康復(fù)的重要性。此外，雖然消炎藥對(duì)疼痛和功能的恢復(fù)有好處，但我們認(rèn)為其對(duì)組織的修復(fù)具有潛在的有害影響，因此我們不建議使用它們來(lái)促進(jìn)軟組織恢復(fù)。

在軟組織損傷的急性階段，應(yīng)該使用PEACE原則來(lái)進(jìn)行處理。

P-保護(hù)

停止或限制運(yùn)動(dòng)1-3天，以減少出血，防止受傷肌纖維的腫脹，并減少受傷加重的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。盡量減少休息時(shí)間，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的休息會(huì)使組織力量和性能下降。依靠疼痛信號(hào)來(lái)移除保護(hù)“設(shè)施”并逐步恢復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)。

E-抬高

將患肢抬高到高于心臟的位置，以促進(jìn)組織液從組織中流出。盡管支持這種方法的證據(jù)不足，但考慮到其較低的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)/收益比值，仍建議抬高患肢。

A-避免使用抗炎藥物

抗炎藥物可能對(duì)組織的長(zhǎng)期愈合有害。不同階段的炎癥有助于軟組織更好的再生。不推薦使用藥理學(xué)方法抑制此過(guò)程，因?yàn)檫@可能損害組織愈合，特別是使用較高劑量時(shí)。

我們對(duì)低溫療法存有質(zhì)疑。盡管在臨床醫(yī)生和相關(guān)人群中冰塊被廣泛使用，但沒(méi)有高質(zhì)量的證據(jù)表明冷凍療法對(duì)軟組織損傷的效果。即使冰塊主要用于鎮(zhèn)痛，但其也可能破壞炎癥、血管生成和血管再通，延緩中性粒細(xì)胞和巨噬細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn)，增加未成熟肌纖維，導(dǎo)致組織再生受損和膠原合成過(guò)剩。

C-加壓

使用膠帶或繃帶產(chǎn)生的外部機(jī)械性壓力有助于限制關(guān)節(jié)內(nèi)水腫和組織出血。盡管有相互矛盾的研究，但踝關(guān)節(jié)扭傷后施加壓力似乎可以減輕腫脹，改善生活質(zhì)量。

E-教育

治療師應(yīng)告訴患者積極康復(fù)的好處。與主動(dòng)療法相比，損傷后早期的被動(dòng)療法，如電療、手法治療或針灸，對(duì)疼痛和功能的影響微不足道;從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，被動(dòng)療法甚至可能適得其反。事實(shí)上，養(yǎng)成“需要被修復(fù)”的習(xí)慣會(huì)對(duì)治療師產(chǎn)生依賴性，最終會(huì)對(duì)結(jié)果產(chǎn)生消極的態(tài)度，從而導(dǎo)致癥狀的持續(xù)。好的健康教育和負(fù)荷指導(dǎo)將有助于避免過(guò)度治療，過(guò)度治療會(huì)增加藥物注射或手術(shù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，以及由于失能補(bǔ)償（例如腰背痛）而增加的醫(yī)療成本。在技術(shù)和高科技治療方法可供人們選擇的時(shí)代，我們對(duì)患者康復(fù)時(shí)間的設(shè)定應(yīng)切合實(shí)際康復(fù)時(shí)間，而不是追求神奇快速的治療方法。

在急性期之后的后續(xù)階段，應(yīng)該使用LOVE原則了進(jìn)行處理。

L-負(fù)荷

積極的運(yùn)動(dòng)和鍛煉有益于大多數(shù)肌肉骨骼疾病患者。應(yīng)盡早地增加機(jī)械應(yīng)力，在癥狀允許的情況下盡快地恢復(fù)正?；顒?dòng)。最佳的負(fù)荷（不產(chǎn)生疼痛情況下）可通過(guò)機(jī)械應(yīng)力來(lái)促進(jìn)肌肉、肌腱和韌帶的修復(fù)、重塑以及組織耐受能力的建立。

O-樂(lè)觀

大腦在康復(fù)干預(yù)中起著關(guān)鍵作用。災(zāi)難性事故、抑郁和恐懼等心理因素可能會(huì)阻止恢復(fù)，與病理生理學(xué)相比，心理因素更能解釋踝關(guān)節(jié)扭傷后的癥狀和局限性?；颊叩谋^預(yù)期也與次優(yōu)的結(jié)果和較差的預(yù)后有關(guān)。從實(shí)際出發(fā)的同時(shí)，醫(yī)護(hù)工作者應(yīng)鼓勵(lì)患者保持樂(lè)觀，進(jìn)而提高最佳恢復(fù)的可能性。

V-血管形成

包括有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)在內(nèi)的身體活動(dòng)是肌肉骨骼損傷管理的基石。雖然在運(yùn)動(dòng)劑量方面尚需進(jìn)一步研究，但無(wú)痛的有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)應(yīng)在受傷幾天后就開(kāi)始，以提高動(dòng)力，增加受傷結(jié)構(gòu)處的血流量。早期的動(dòng)員和有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)可以改善肌肉骨骼疾病患者的功能、工作狀態(tài)，減少對(duì)止痛藥的需求。

E-活動(dòng)

有大量的證據(jù)表明活動(dòng)可以治療踝關(guān)節(jié)扭傷并減少?gòu)?fù)發(fā)性損傷的概率?；顒?dòng)有助于損傷后早期運(yùn)動(dòng)能力、力量和本體感覺(jué)的恢復(fù)。應(yīng)避免疼痛，以確保在恢復(fù)的亞急性期中得到最佳修復(fù)，可以用疼痛指導(dǎo)運(yùn)動(dòng)。

處理軟組織損傷不僅僅是短期的損傷控制。與其他損傷相似，臨床醫(yī)生應(yīng)著眼于長(zhǎng)期的結(jié)果。無(wú)論處理腳踝扭傷還是韌帶拉傷，我們希望這篇“Bolg @ British Journal of Sports Medicine”上的這篇“Soft tissue injuries simply need PEACE & LOVE”文章，能鼓勵(lì)臨床醫(yī)生給和平（PEACE）一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，或許所有的軟組織損傷都需要愛(ài)（LOVE）。

參考文獻(xiàn)：

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乙二醇二甲醚的物質(zhì)毒性

編號(hào) 毒性類(lèi)型 測(cè)試方法 測(cè)試對(duì)象 使用劑量 毒性作用 1 acute Oral Human 3380 mg/kg 1.胃腸道毒性Gastrointestinal - gastritis　　2.肝毒性Liver - other changes　　3.腎、輸尿管和膀胱毒性Kidney, Ureter, Bladder -other changes 2 acute Inhalation Human 25 ppm 1.行為毒性Behavioral - tremor　　2.行為毒性Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold　　3.行為毒性Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) 3 acute Oral Rodent - rat 2370 mg/kg 1.行為毒性Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)　　2.肺部、胸部或者呼吸毒性Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration -other changes 4 acute Inhalation Rodent - rat 1500 ppm/7H 1.Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value 5 acute Intraperitoneal Rodent - rat 2500 mg/kg 1.Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value 6 acute Intravenous Rodent - rat 2068 mg/kg 1.血液毒性Blood - other hemolysis with or without anemia 7 acute Oral Rodent - mouse 2560 mg/kg 1.行為毒性Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)　　2.行為毒性Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)　　3.心臟毒性Cardiac - other changes 8 acute Inhalation Rodent - mouse 1480 ppm/7H 1.行為毒性Behavioral - analgesia　　2.肺部、胸部或者呼吸毒性Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration -dyspnea　　3.腎、輸尿管和膀胱毒性Kidney, Ureter, Bladder -hematuria 9 acute Intraperitoneal Rodent - mouse 2147 mg/kg 1.腎、輸尿管和膀胱毒性Kidney, Ureter, Bladder -changes in both tubules and glomeruli　　2.血液毒性Blood - changes in spleen　　3.血液毒性Blood - other changes 10 acute Oral Rodent - rabbit 890 mg/kg 1.行為毒性Behavioral - general anesthetic　　2.血液毒性Blood - other hemolysis with or without anemia 11 acute Administration onto the skin Rodent - rabbit 1280 mg/kg 1.Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value 12 acute Oral Rodent - guinea pig 950 mg/kg 1.行為毒性Behavioral - general anesthetic　　2.胃腸道毒性Gastrointestinal - other changes　　3.腎、輸尿管和膀胱毒性Kidney, Ureter, Bladder -other changes 13 MutipleDose Inhalation Rodent - rat 400 ppm/6H/2W-I 1.大腦毒性Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes　　2.營(yíng)養(yǎng)和代謝系統(tǒng)毒性Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain　　3.生化毒性Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - multiple enzyme effects 14 MutipleDose Oral Rodent - rat 10206 mg/kg/21D-C 1.內(nèi)分泌毒性Endocrine - changes in thymus weight　　2.營(yíng)養(yǎng)和代謝系統(tǒng)毒性Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain　　3.慢**相關(guān)毒性Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight 15 MutipleDose Oral Rodent - rat 500 mg/kg/10D-I 1.內(nèi)分泌毒性Endocrine - changes in thymus weight　　2.免疫系統(tǒng)毒性Immunological Including Allergic - decreased immune response 16 MutipleDose Inhalation Rodent - rat 300 ppm/6H/13W-I 1.血液毒性Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count　　2.營(yíng)養(yǎng)和代謝系統(tǒng)毒性Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain　　3.慢**相關(guān)毒性Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight 17 MutipleDose Inhalation Rodent - rat 970 mg/m3/7H/5W-I 1.血液毒性Blood - changes in bone marrow (not otherwise specified)　　2.血液毒性Blood - changes in spleen 18 MutipleDose Inhalation Rodent - rat 1000 ppm/6H/11D-I 1.腎、輸尿管和膀胱毒性Kidney, Ureter, Bladder -other changes in urine composition　　2.血液毒性Blood - changes in bone marrow (not otherwise specified)　　3.血液毒性Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count 19 MutipleDose Administration onto the skin Rodent - rat 20 mg/kg/4W-I 1.血液毒性Blood - changes in other cell count (unspecified)　　2.血液毒性Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count　　3.慢**相關(guān)毒性Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight 20 MutipleDose Intraperitoneal Rodent - rat 450 mg/kg/16D-I 1.血液毒性Blood - changes in other cell count (unspecified)　　2.生化毒性Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other Enzymes 21 MutipleDose Oral Rodent - rat 29484 mg/kg/13W-C 1.內(nèi)分泌毒性Endocrine - changes in thymus weight　　2.血液毒性Blood - changes in platelet count　　3.營(yíng)養(yǎng)和代謝系統(tǒng)毒性Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain 22 MutipleDose Administration onto the skin Rodent - rat 3200 mg/kg/4D-I 1.內(nèi)分泌毒性Endocrine - changes in thymus weight　　2.免疫系統(tǒng)毒性Immunological Including Allergic - decrease in humoral immune response 23 MutipleDose Oral Rodent - mouse 12110 mg/kg/2W-C 1.內(nèi)分泌毒性Endocrine - changes in thymus weight　　2.慢**相關(guān)毒性Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight 24 MutipleDose Oral Rodent - mouse 82 mg/kg/13W-C 1.內(nèi)分泌毒性Endocrine - effect on menstrual cycle　　2.內(nèi)分泌毒性Endocrine - other changes　　3.血液毒性Blood - changes in spleen 25 MutipleDose Inhalation Rodent - mouse 1000 ppm/6H/11D-I 1.血液毒性Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count　　2.慢**相關(guān)毒性Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight 26 MutipleDose Inhalation Mammal - dog 750 ppm/7H/12W-I 1.血液毒性Blood - microcytosis with or without anemia　　2.血液毒性Blood - other changes 27 MutipleDose Inhalation Rodent - rabbit 300 ppm/6H/13W-I 1.內(nèi)分泌毒性Endocrine - changes in thymus weight　　2.血液毒性Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count　　3.慢**相關(guān)毒性Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight 28 MutipleDose Administration onto the skin Rodent - guinea pig 65 mg/kg/13W-I 1.血液毒性Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count　　2.營(yíng)養(yǎng)和代謝系統(tǒng)毒性Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain　　3.慢**相關(guān)毒性Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight 29 SkinEyeIrrition Administration onto the skin Rodent - rabbit 483 mg/24H 1.Mild 30 SkinEyeIrrition Administration into the eye Rodent - rabbit 97 mg 　31 SkinEyeIrrition Administration into the eye Rodent - rabbit 500 mg/24H 1.Mild 32 SkinEyeIrrition Administration into the eye Rodent - guinea pig 10 ug 1.Mild 33 Mutation 　Human Lymphocyte 150 mmol/L 　34 Mutation Oral Rodent - rat 500 mg/kg 　35 Mutation Oral Rodent - rat 500 mg/kg 　36 Mutation Oral Rodent - mouse 500 mg/kg 　37 Reproductive Oral Rodent - rat 175 mg/kg,female 7-13 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -cardiovascular (circulatory) system 38 Reproductive Oral Rodent - rat 175 mg/kg,female 7-13 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Maternal Effects - parturition　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Newborn -biochemical and metabolic 39 Reproductive Oral Rodent - rat 15015 mg/kg,male 13 week(s) pre-mating 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, andcount) 40 Reproductive Oral Rodent - rat 100 mg/kg,male 1 day(s) pre-mating 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, spermduct 41 Reproductive Oral Rodent - rat 350 mg/kg,female 9-15 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Fertility -litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stuntedfetus)　　3.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -cardiovascular (circulatory) system 42 Reproductive Inhalation Rodent - rat 68 mg/kg/4H,female 1-19 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Fertility -pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) 43 Reproductive Inhalation Rodent - rat 30 ppm/6H,male 65 day(s) pre-mating 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, spermduct 44 Reproductive Inhalation Rodent - rat 100 ppm/6H,female 6-17 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Maternal Effects - parturition　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Fertility -female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # femalesmated)　　3.生殖毒性Reproductive- Effects on Newborn -live birth index (measured after birth) 45 Reproductive Inhalation Rodent - rat 100 ppm/6H,female 6-17 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Newborn -viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # bornalive)　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Newborn -growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain) 46 Reproductive Inhalation Rodent - rat 30 ppm/6H,male 13 week(s) pre-mating 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Fertility -post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) 47 Reproductive Administration onto the skin Rodent - rat 11592 mg/kg,female 6-17 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Fertility -female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # femalesmated)　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetaldeath 48 Reproductive Administration onto the skin Rodent - rat 4375 mg/kg,male 7 day(s) pre-mating 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, andcount)　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, spermduct　　3.生殖毒性Reproductive - Fertility - male fertility index (e.g. # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females) 49 Reproductive Administration onto the skin Rodent - rat 2 mg/kg,female 10 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Fertility -post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) 50 Reproductive Administration onto the skin Rodent - rat 1 mg/kg,female 12 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stuntedfetus)　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -craniofacial (including nose andtongue)　　3.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -gastrointestinal system 51 Reproductive Intraperitoneal Rodent - rat 330 mg/kg,female 12 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -musculoskeletal system　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -cardiovascular (circulatory) system 52 Reproductive Intraperitoneal Rodent - rat 190 mg/kg,female 14 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -Central Nervous System　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -urogenital system 53 Reproductive Intraperitoneal Rodent - rat 190 mg/kg,female 12 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -musculoskeletal system 54 Reproductive Intraperitoneal Rodent - rat 190 mg/kg,female 8 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Fertility -post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) 55 Reproductive Subcutaneous Rodent - rat 600 mg/kg,female 6-20 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive- Effects on Newborn -live birth index (measured after birth)　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Newborn -viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # bornalive) 56 Reproductive Subcutaneous Rodent - rat 440 mg/kg,female 7-17 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive- Effects on Newborn -live birth index (measured after birth) 57 Reproductive Oral Rodent - rat 250 mg/kg,female 13 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stuntedfetus)　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -musculoskeletal system 58 Reproductive Oral Rodent - mouse 175 mg/kg,female 11 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -musculoskeletal system 59 Reproductive Oral Rodent - mouse 2 mg/kg,female 7-14 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Fertility -litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetaldeath　　3.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -Central Nervous System 60 Reproductive Oral Rodent - mouse 500 mg/kg,female 9 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Fertility -post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)　　3.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stuntedfetus) 61 Reproductive Oral Rodent - mouse 250 mg/kg,female 11 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stuntedfetus)　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -musculoskeletal system 62 Reproductive Oral Rodent - mouse 6250 mg/kg,male 25 day(s) pre-mating 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, spermduct 63 Reproductive Inhalation Rodent - mouse 1000 ppm/6H,male 11 day(s) pre-mating 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, spermduct 64 Reproductive Inhalation Rodent - mouse 500 ppm/7H,male 5 day(s) pre-mating 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, andcount) 65 Reproductive Inhalation Rodent - mouse 50 ppm/6H,female 6-15 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Fertility -litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -urogenital system 66 Reproductive Inhalation Rodent - mouse 50 ppm/6H,female 6-15 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -musculoskeletal system　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -urogenital system 67 Reproductive Subcutaneous Rodent - mouse 1200 mg/kg,female 7-13 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stuntedfetus) 68 Reproductive Subcutaneous Rodent - mouse 3200 mg/kg,female 7-14 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Fertility -post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) 69 Reproductive Subcutaneous Rodent - mouse 250 mg/kg,female 8 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -Central Nervous System　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -craniofacial (including nose andtongue) 70 Reproductive Intravenous Rodent - mouse 250 mg/kg,female 8 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -Central Nervous System 71 Reproductive Oral Primate - monkey 930 mg/kg,female 20-45 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Fertility -abortion　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetaldeath 72 Reproductive Oral Primate - monkey 633 mg/kg,female 20-45 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stuntedfetus) 73 Reproductive Inhalation Rodent - rabbit 300 ppm/6H,male 65 day(s) pre-mating 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, spermduct 74 Reproductive Inhalation Rodent - rabbit 50 ppm/6H,female 6-18 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -body wall　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -cardiovascular (circulatory) system　　3.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -urogenital system 75 Reproductive Inhalation Rodent - rabbit 50 ppm/6H,female 6-18 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stuntedfetus)　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -body wall　　3.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -musculoskeletal system 76 Reproductive Inhalation Rodent - rabbit 10 ppm/6H,female 6-18 day(s) after conception 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Fertility -post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)　　2.生殖毒性Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities -musculoskeletal system 77 Reproductive Oral Rodent - guinea pig 6250 mg/kg,male 25 day(s) pre-mating 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, spermduct 78 Reproductive Administration onto the skin Rodent - guinea pig 65 mg/kg,male 65 day(s) pre-mating 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, spermduct 79 Reproductive Oral Rodent - hamster 1562 mg/kg,male 25 day(s) pre-mating 1.生殖毒性Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, spermduct