?preventive

preventive發(fā)音

英：[pr??vent?v]　　美：[pr??v?nt?v]

英：　　美：

preventive中文意思翻譯

adj. 預(yù)防的, 防病的

n. 預(yù)防物, 預(yù)防性措施

preventive詞形變化

異體字: preventative | 名詞: preventiveness | 副詞: preventively |

preventive同義詞

encumbrance | deterrent | preventative | prevention | contraceptive device | preemptive | proactive | protective | hindrance | defence | anticipatory | defense | incumbrance | prophylactic | disincentive | protection | interference | hinderance | hitch | defensive | contraceptive

preventive反義詞

permissive

preventive常見例句

1 、Effective measures have been taken to prevent exhaust pollution.───業(yè)已采取有效措施以防止廢氣污染。

2 、Haste make work which caution prevent.───匆忙專干不謹(jǐn)慎的事。

3 、So not a prevention but a treatment.─── 也就是說不是預(yù)防而是治愈

4 、Only if we take steps to deal with this problem now can we prevent a real water problem in the near future.───只有我們現(xiàn)在采取措施來解決這個問題，我們才能防止不久的將來會面臨的水患。

5 、Something forced into or put over the mouth to prevent speaking or crying out.───塞口物，口銜強塞進(jìn)嘴里或壓在嘴上防止出聲的東西

6 、She hated the daughter who had taken her lover, but at the same time she was powerless to prevent the marriage without compromising herself.───她恨女兒奪去了自己的情人，卻不能阻止這樁婚事，因為那樣做會損害她自己的名聲。

7 、The business of doctors is to prevent and cure diseases.───醫(yī)生的職責(zé)是預(yù)防和治療疾病。

8 、He has determined that nothing will prevent him.───他已決心不顧一切阻礙。

9 、The visits of all these marauders must be anticipated, and measures taken to prevent their depredations.───應(yīng)該預(yù)料到這些搶劫者的侵襲,并制定防范他們搶劫的措施。

10 、This use of lawyers by business people is called preventive law.───企業(yè)家這樣使用律師，叫做防范性法律顧問工作。

11 、How you prevent him from being paradoxedthat's up to you.─── 你怎么阻止他發(fā)生悖論就看你的了

12 、A trademark used for a rust and corrosion preventive compound of petrolatum.───卡斯莫蘭用于抗氧化劑和抗腐蝕劑的一系列礦脂的商標(biāo)名

13 、The doctors disseminated information about preventive medicine.───醫(yī)生們傳播有關(guān)預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)的知識。

14 、I read in a magazine that drinking a lot of tea could be a preventive against cancer.───我從一本雜志上讀到,大量喝茶有可能有助於防癌。

15 、How to develop the preventive and facilitative actions?───如何制定預(yù)防性和促進(jìn)性行動措施?

16 、We strove to prevent our courage from turning into bravado.───努力預(yù)防我們的勇氣變成一種虛張聲勢。

17 、Corrective and preventive action for deviant final product.───對于不合格的最終產(chǎn)品的糾正預(yù)防措施記錄。

18 、You could do with it what you want, I couldn't prevent you.─── 你可任意為之 我不會阻攔

19 、And that would have prevented all of this.─── 如果那樣 這一切都不會發(fā)生

20 、Collaborate in defining machine preventive maintenance plan.───協(xié)助建立設(shè)備維護(hù)計劃。

21 、The authorities took measures to prevent tax fraud.───當(dāng)局已采取措施防止偷稅漏稅。

22 、The wide spread publication of traffic laws helps prevent accidents.───廣泛公布交通法規(guī)有助于防止事故的發(fā)生。

23 、Nothing can prevent us from carrying out the plan.───什么也無法阻擋我們?nèi)嵤┻@個計劃。

24 、Only a serious mischance will prevent them from getting there in time tomorrow.───只有發(fā)生嚴(yán)重的意外才會使他們明天不能及時到達(dá)那里。

25 、But Pittman says couples can take preventive steps.───它會讓家庭充滿怨恨、猜忌和欺騙?！?/p>

26 、Strove to prevent our courage from turning into bravado.───努力預(yù)防我們的勇氣變成一種虛張聲勢

27 、This is what I was trying to prevent.─── 我就是想阻止這種事的發(fā)生

28 、The food in the cooler can prevent spoiling.───冰箱里的食品可以防止腐敗。

29 、Ability to perform routine preventive maintenance.───具備完成例行的預(yù)防性維護(hù)。

30 、The dam backs up the water to prevent flood .───大壩攔住水以防其泛濫。

31 、Of course I can't prevent your going.───當(dāng)然,我不能阻止你去。

32 、The blockade prevent shipment of foreign food from reach our shore.───封鎖使國外食品不能運抵我們的海岸。

33 、You can not prevent that he spends himself's money.───你不能阻止他花他自己的錢。

34 、They want to prevent the appeal of radical political movement to black youth, and they wanted to isolate these groups to prevent them from gaining respectability in the black community.─── 他們想阻止激進(jìn)的*運動 對黑人青年的吸引力 他們想孤立這些群體 使他們無法獲得 黑人社區(qū)的尊敬

35 、In order to prevent damages, the item will be packed in wood wool.───為了防止損壞貨物，將用細(xì)包花之類的東西來包裝。

36 、Formulates preventive maintenance and scheduling repairing plan.───制定預(yù)防性維護(hù)和定期檢修計劃。

37 、The ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in MLT preventive group was the highest.───Bax/Bcl 2比例在MLT預(yù)防組最大。

38 、The ICAC will build on its achievements in the past and enhance its preventive and enforcement capability.───廉政公署會繼續(xù)過往的努力，精益求精，不斷增強防止貪污與執(zhí)法的實力。

39 、Quinine is an effectual preventive for malaria.───奎寧是有效的瘧疾預(yù)防藥。

40 、They bought a dog to prevent any burglaries.───他們買了條狗以防盜賊.

41 、She stuck a pin in, to prevent the paper from slipping.───她**上一根大頭針，防止紙滑動。

42 、I can't prevent his leaving the country.───我不能阻止他離開這個國家。

43 、In addition, liver cancer is a preventive and treatable illness.───另外肝癌是一種可防、可治的疾病,。

44 、A passenger perchance ride on the wagon prevent a fatal accident.───一個偶然坐車的旅客使這輛大車免遭了一場大禍。

45 、What preventive measures can be taken?───應(yīng)采取甚么預(yù)防措施?

46 、They banked up the river to prevent flood.───他們筑河堤防止水災(zāi)。

47 、She was bent on coming in, and saw Mary's preventive design.───她打定主意要走進(jìn)門來，一眼看見瑪麗做出攔阻的姿勢。

48 、Hygiene has evolved into preventive medicine.───衛(wèi)生學(xué)已逐步發(fā)展成為預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)。

49 、I don't know of anything to prevent you from doing so.───我不知道有什么能阻止你這樣做。

50 、Assed with substances to prevent caking.───加入此物質(zhì)為避免結(jié)成固體狀。

51 、A screen or fence used to prevent a ball from being thrown or hit far out of a playing area, as in baseball.───場后圍欄用于阻止球被投出或打出比賽場地的一種屏障或柵欄，如在棒球比賽中

52 、Of course we can't prevent your going.───當(dāng)然我們不能阻止你去。

53 、And you had a choice to prevent this.─── 你以前也有機(jī)會阻止這一切

54 、There was only one way to prevent that.─── 要想如此 只有一個辦法

55 、Do you have an established preventive maintenance program?───你們是否建立了預(yù)防性的維護(hù)程序?

56 、Above may present some solution prevent our one sided export.───以上可能是防止我們單方面出口的一些辦法。

57 、The test questions are kept secret, so as to prevent cheating.───為了防止**，考試的題目是保密的。

58 、They tried hard to prevent the war.───他們竭力防止戰(zhàn)爭。

59 、The act or process of destroying most microorganisms in certain foods, such as fish or clam meat, by irradiating them with gamma rays or other radiation to prevent spoilage.───射線殺菌法破壞某種食品，如魚或蚌肉內(nèi)的大部分微生物的行為或過程，通過γ射線或其它放射線輻射的防止變質(zhì)

60 、Your reply quite overdue whet prevent you.───你方回在電太遲，是何原因。

61 、Of course I can not prevent your going.───當(dāng)然，我不能阻止你去。

62 、The school asks all students to take preventive inoculation.───學(xué)校要求所有的小學(xué)生必須按時打預(yù)防針。

63 、Rent controls were introduced to prevent profiteering.───為了防止牟取暴利而 實行了租金管制。

64 、Reply in 48 hours + Preventive actions are implemented.───在48小時內(nèi)給予適當(dāng)?shù)拇饛?fù)+所有問題都有預(yù)防措施.

65 、An embankment raised to prevent a river from overflowing.───堤岸，防洪堤防止河流泛濫而建造的堤岸

66 、A safety strap is used to prevent falling.───安全帶是用來防止滑落的。

67 、He will kill them unless we can prevent him .───如果我們不阻止他，他就要殺害他們。

68 、Take some of this,it'll prevent you catching cold.───吃點這個，可以防止你感冒。

69 、In order to prevent the prisoners from escaping they are walled in.───為防止囚犯們逃跑，他們被圍在了墻里面。

70 、That is what they're designed to prevent.─── 那些東西就是防止有人入侵的

71 、But the preventive drugs have a risk of sidy factsside effects.───但是預(yù)防的藥品由副作用的危險。

72 、Preventive effect on adjuvant arthritis.───對佐劑性關(guān)節(jié)炎的預(yù)防作用。

73 、The grounds are fenced in to prevent trespassing.───庭院用柵欄圍著以防外人進(jìn)去。

74 、I cannot prevent you from doing what you want to do.─── 我不能阻止你做你想做的事

75 、But this is not a compelling argument against preventive war.───但這并不足以推翻預(yù)防性戰(zhàn)爭的觀點。

76 、Only a serious mischance will prevent him from arriving tomorrow.───只有碰上極倒霉的意外變故,他明天才會來不了。

77 、They painted a coat of paint to prevent the oxidation of the ship by seawater.───他們刷了一層油漆以防止船只被海水氧化。

78 、The town hall mafia will prevent this plan going through.───市政廳的幕後操縱集團(tuán)將阻撓這一計畫。

79 、The threat or use of force to prevent, restrict, or dictate the action or thought of others.───強制使用或威脅使用強制力量來阻攔、限制或命令他人的行動或思想

80 、The doctors are making an attempt to prevent cancer cells spreading.───醫(yī)生們試圖阻止癌細(xì)胞**。

81 、He wedged the window to prevent it from rattling .───他用楔子把窗戶塞緊使它不作響。

82 、They did not prevent him from expressing his views.───他們沒有阻止他發(fā)表自己的觀點。

83 、Catechins may also prevent DNA damage caused by carcinogens.───兒茶酚還可能預(yù)防致癌物質(zhì)引起DNA損傷。

84 、This discrepancy will prevent me from obtaining a visa.───因為這一差錯，我將得不到簽證。

85 、If that's the right thing to do, what's to prevent you doing so?───如果這是應(yīng)該做的事，什么能阻止你這樣做呢？

86 、Mistake-Proof Design: Prevent wrong insertion.───(5)具備記憶卡**卡防呆功能，防止錯誤**取記憶卡。

87 、Nothing can prevent him from going.───什么都不能阻止他前往。

88 、They put the main emphasis on preventive medicine.───他們著重進(jìn)行防病工作。

89 、So it should enhance the preventive measures of taeniasis ...───應(yīng)進(jìn)一步加強絳囊蟲病的防治和健康教育工作。

90 、Nothing could prevent him from doing that.───什么也阻止不了他做那件事。

急求高手幫我翻譯混凝土的專業(yè)英語 最近幾天要用 二、 凝土工程中常見裂縫1.干縮裂縫及預(yù)防

1. Shrinkage cracks and Prevention

Shrinkage cracks in the concrete curing more after the end of the concrete pouring for a period of time or after the week or so. Slurry of water will have evaporated shrinkage, and that contraction is irreversible. Shrinkage cracks in resulting mainly due to the evaporation of water inside and outside the concrete varying levels of distortion caused by different results: Concrete by the impact of external conditions, the rapid loss of surface water, large deformation, deformation small changes in humidity within a smaller, more Shrinkage deformation of the surface of the concrete by internal constraints, which have a greater tensile stress cracks. The lower the relative humidity, the greater the shrinkage of cement paste, the shrinkage cracks more easily. For more shrinkage cracks on the surface of the parallel line, or fine mesh shallow cracks in the width of more than 0.05 ~ 0.2mm between the massive concrete site in the mostly flat, thin slab in the short to more along the distribution. Shrinkage cracks usually affect the impermeability of concrete, steel caused by corrosion of the concrete impact on the durability, water pressure will have a concrete impact on hydraulic fracturing of the bearing capacity and so on. Shrinkage of concrete and the main water-cement ratio of concrete, cement composition, the amount of cement, aggregates and the nature of the amount, the amount of additives and so on.

The main preventive measures: First, choose a smaller amount of shrinkage of cement, generally used in low-heat cement fly ash and cement, to reduce the amount of cement. Second, the shrinkage of the concrete by the impact of higher water-cement ratio, the greater the water-cement ratio, the greater the shrinkage, in the concrete mix design should be in control of the water-cement ratio to choose from, at the same time mixing the right by the water Agent. The third is to strictly control the construction and concrete mixing in the mix, the water can not concrete mix design by more than a given amount of water. The fourth is to strengthen the concrete in the early conservation, and appropriate extension of the concrete curing time. Construction of the winter when the appropriate time to extend the coverage of thermal insulation of concrete and brushing conservation conservation agent. The fifth is set in concrete structure suitable contraction joints.

2. Plastic shrinkage cracks and Prevention

Plastic is the contraction of the concrete before the condensation on the surface as a result of rapid water loss arising from contraction. General plastic shrinkage cracks in the dry and hot weather or high winds occur, mostly among the wide cracks in both ends of different lengths and small, non-coherent state. General long cracks in a relatively short 20 ~ 30cm, long cracks up to 2 ~ 3m, wide-1 ~ 5mm. Its main reason: In the final setting of concrete before the little strength or intensity is very small, concrete or just strength and final setting a very high temperature or more by the wind, excessive water loss on the surface of concrete, resulting in capillary produced The larger volume of negative pressure by a sharp contraction of concrete, while the strength of concrete can not resist its own contraction, resulting in cracks. Concrete effects of plastic shrinkage cracking of the main factors that have water-cement ratio, the concrete setting time, ambient temperature, wind speed, relative humidity and so on.

The main preventive measures: First, choose a relatively small shrinkage of high early strength or ordinary portland cement. Second, strictly control the water-cement ratio, adding superplasticizer to increase the slump of the concrete and easy, reducing the amount of cement and water. Third, prior to the pouring of concrete, grass-roots and templates water soaked uniform. The fourth is covered by plastic film in a timely manner or damp straw, and Ma chip, and so on, before the final setting of concrete to keep moist surface, or spray the surface of the concrete conservation agent for conservation. Fifth, strong winds and high temperatures in the weather to set up wind and sun, the conservation in a timely manner.

3. Subsidence and cracks to prevent

Subsidence cracks are resulted from the uneven quality of the foundation structure, soft, or not to fill it, or caused by flooding caused by uneven settlement; or because of lack of rigidity template, template support, or too much space at the bottom of the loose support, such as lead, especially in the Winter, template support in the permafrost, frozen after the Huadong uneven settlement, resulting in cracks in the concrete structure. Such cracks were penetrating deep into the cracks or, to its settlement with the situation, along with the general on the ground or vertical was 30 ° ~ 45 ° angle direction, the larger settlement cracks, there is often a certain degree of dislocation, often crack width In direct proportion to the relationship with the settlement. Crack width by small changes in temperature. Ground deformation and stability, subsidence cracks are also essential to stabilize.

The main preventive measures: First, on soft soil, filling in the foundation superstructure construction before the necessary strengthening and reinforcement. The second is a template to ensure there is sufficient strength and stiffness, and the solid support and ground forces uniform. The third is to prevent the casting of concrete foundation was in the process of soaking water. The fourth is the time to remove the template can not be too early and pay attention to the order in which Chaimo. Fifth, in the permafrost on the erection template should pay attention to when to take certain preventive measures.

4. Temperature cracks and Prevention

Temperature cracks occur in the massive concrete surface temperature change or a larger area of the concrete structure. Concrete pouring, in the hardening process of cement hydration have a lot of hydration heat, (when the amount of cement in the 350 ~ 550 kg/m3, per cubic meter of concrete will be released 17500 ~ 27500kJ heat, so that the internal temperature of concrete or Up even higher at around 70 ℃). Due to the large size of concrete, a lot of hydration heat in the accumulation of concrete and difficult to distribute in-house, resulting in a sharp increase in internal temperature, and the concrete surface heat faster, thus forming a larger temperature difference between inside and outside, large temperature difference caused by internal and Rezhanglengsu external degree, so that the concrete surface of a certain tensile stress (Practice has proved that when the temperature of the concrete itself to achieve 25 ℃ ~ 26 ℃, there will be more or less concrete in the tensile stress of 10MPa or so). When the tensile stress of the tensile strength of concrete over the limit, will have a concrete surface cracks, the cracks occur in the latter part of the concrete construction. In concrete construction when the temperature changes in the larger, concrete or by the cold wave hit, and so on, will lead to a sharp drop in temperature on the surface of concrete, and the resulting contraction of the concrete surface contraction of the concrete by internal constraints, will have a lot of tension stress and Cracks, the cracks in the concrete surface, usually the area of relatively shallow.

Temperature cracks in the usually free to a certain law of large cracks in the structure of regular criss-crossing; Beam length of a larger size category structure, more cracks in parallel to the short side; in-depth and temperature through the cracks of the short side with the general direction of the parallel or near parallel , A long crack along the side of sub-emergence of a more dense in the middle. Crack width sizes, the temperature change is more obvious in winter wide, narrower in the summer. Expansion of the high temperature caused by cracks in the concrete temperature is usually fine at both ends in the middle of rough, and Lengsu changes in the thickness of the cracks is not clear. The emergence of such cracks would cause corrosion of steel, concrete carbonation, to reduce anti-freezing and thawing of concrete, anti-fatigue and anti-permeability, and so on.

The main preventive measures: First, try to choose low heat or in the heat of cement, such as slag cement, fly ash and cement. The second is to reduce the amount of cement, cement consumption will be controlled as much as possible in the following 450kg/m3. The third is to reduce water-cement ratio, the general control of concrete in the water-cement ratio below 0.6. The fourth is to improve the aggregate gradation, mixing fly ash or superplasticizer, such as to reduce the amount of cement, reduce the heat of hydration. The fifth is to improve the concrete mixing process, in the traditional "three cold technology" on the basis of a "secondary air-cooled," the new technology to reduce the concrete pouring temperature. Six in the concrete mixing with a certain amount of reduced water, plasticized, retardation, such as the role of the additive, to improve the flow of fresh concrete structures, water, lower heat of hydration, to postpone the emergence of peak heat hours. Seven high-temperature season is pouring erection can be used when the sun visor, and other support measures to control the concrete temperature rise, reducing the temperature of the concrete pouring. Eight is a massive concrete structure and the thermal stress related to the size, the greater the size of the concrete structure, the greater the thermal stress, therefore, reasonable to arrange the construction process, stratified, pouring block for the benefit of cooling, reducing the constraints. Nine in the mass concrete set of internal cooling pipes, or water-cooled air-conditioning, reducing the temperature difference between inside and outside of the concrete. Decade is to strengthen the concrete temperature control, cooling to take timely and protective measures. 11 are reserved for temperature contraction joints. Twelve are bound to reduce, before the pouring of concrete should be bedrock in the old concrete and laying on the sand about 5mm cushion materials such as asphalt or brushing. Thirteen conservation is to strengthen the concrete, concrete pouring, in a timely manner with the sub Caolian, Ma films such as coverage and attention to watering conservation, conservation appropriate to extend the time to ensure the concrete surface to cool slowly. In the cold season, the insulation should be installed on the surface of concrete measures to prevent cold wave attack. Fourteen is a concrete configuration of a small amount of steel or concrete mixing fiber material will control the temperature cracks in a certain range.

5. Chemical reaction caused by cracks and Prevention

AAR cracks and corrosion caused by cracks in steel reinforced concrete structure is the most common because of a chemical reaction caused by cracks. After mixing the concrete will have some of the basic plasma, and some of the activity of these ion aggregate produce a chemical reaction and the surrounding environment to absorb the increased volume of water, resulting in concrete Su Song, the expansion of the crack. Such cracks in concrete structures are usually used during the event is difficult to remedy, it should be in the construction to take effective preventive measures. The main preventive measures: First, the choice of base activity of small gravel aggregate. Second, the selection of low-alkali cement and low-alkali E or the admixture. The third is to adopt the appropriate admixture inhibiting alkali aggregate reaction. As the concrete pouring, vibration or non-performing thin layer of reinforced protection, hazardous substances into the reinforced concrete so that the resulting corrosion, corrosion of the steel expansion has led to concrete Zhang Lie, this type of vertical cracks were cracks in the reinforced positions along the emergence of . Third, dealing with cracks

The emergence of crack will not only affect the integrity of the structure and rigidity, but also cause corrosion of the steel and concrete to speed up the carbonation, to reduce the durability of concrete and anti-fatigue and anti-permeability capacity. Therefore, in accordance with the nature of the cracks in the specific circumstances and we have to distinguish between treated in a timely manner to ensure that the building of concrete measures to repair cracks in the following ways: to repair the surface of law, filling, sealing every inlay law, the structure of law reinforcement, concrete replacement France, electrochemical protection law, as well as bionic legitimate self-healing.

1. Surface repair method

Surface repair method is a simple, common repair method, which applies mainly to the stability and structure does not affect the carrying capacity of the surface cracks and deep into the cracks of the deal. The usual measures to deal with cracks in the surface coated cement, clay or epoxy concrete paint brushing the surface, anti-corrosion materials such as asphalt, while in the protective order to prevent the concrete by a variety of effects continue to crack, usually can be used in the cracks Paste on the surface of the glass fiber cloth, and other measures.

2. Grouting, sealing every embedded Act

Grouting method applied to the main structure of the overall impact or anti-required to repair cracks in concrete, it is the use of the equipment will be pressure on the cement material into the pressure of cracks in concrete, cement and concrete materials hardening after the formation of a whole in order to play Strengthening closure. Cement materials are commonly used in cement, resin, methyl acrylate, polyurethane, and other chemical materials. Caulking is the most commonly used in sealing cracks in a way, it usually cracks along the cutting slot, embedded in the tank to fill or rigid plastic sealing material in order to achieve the cracks closed. Commonly used materials are PVC plastic clay, plastic ointment, butyl rubber, and so on; commonly used sealing materials for the rigid polymer cement mortar.

3. Strengthening the structure of law

When the crack affect the performance of the concrete structure, it is necessary to consider strengthening laws to deal with the concrete structure. Structural reinforcement used mainly in the following ways: increasing cross-section of the concrete structure of the area in the corner of the component outsourcing steel using prestressed reinforcement method, paste steel reinforcement, as well as an additional point reinforced shotcrete reinforcement.

4. Concrete replacement

Concrete replacement is dealing with serious damage to concrete is an effective method, this method is the first to remove the damaged concrete, and then exchange into the new concrete or other materials. Replacement materials are commonly used: an ordinary cement mortar or concrete, polymer or polymer modified concrete or mortar.

5. Electrochemical Protection Act

Electrochemical corrosion is imposed on the use of the electric field in the electrochemical role of the media, reinforced concrete or concrete changes in the environment, passive reinforced in order to achieve anti-corrosion. Cathodic protection law, chloride extraction, rehabilitation of basic chemical protective method is commonly used and effective of the three methods.

6. Bionic legitimate self-healing

Bionic legitimate self-healing is a new method to deal with cracks, which mimic biological tissue trauma on the part of some kind of automatic secretion material, which has been part of the healing of wounds function in the traditional concrete components to add special components ( If the binder containing the liquid-core fiber, or capsule), in the concrete form of internal self-healing intelligent bionic neural network system, when the concrete cracks when secreted part of the liquid-core fiber can re-fracture healing [4].

IV, Conclusion

Cracks in concrete structures is a widespread phenomenon, it appears the building will not only reduce the permeability of the ability to affect the function of the use of the building, and this may cause corrosion of steel, concrete carbonation, to reduce the durability of materials, the impact Building the carrying capacity and therefore should be carefully studied cracks in concrete, treated differently, to adopt a reasonable approach to deal with, and in the construction to take effective precautionary measures to prevent the emergence and development of the cracks to ensure the safety of buildings and structures , And steady work.

藥企中capa是什么意思

藥企中CAPA指的是糾正和預(yù)防措施（Corrective and Preventive Actions）。

在藥企中，CAPA是一個重要的質(zhì)量管理工具，用于識別、評估、實施和監(jiān)控糾正和預(yù)防措施，以消除潛在的產(chǎn)品缺陷、提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量并確保患者安全。當(dāng)藥企發(fā)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)品存在質(zhì)量問題或潛在風(fēng)險時，會啟動CAPA流程，對相關(guān)問題進(jìn)行深入調(diào)查和分析，找出問題的根本原因，并制定相應(yīng)的糾正措施來防止問題再次發(fā)生。

具體來說，藥企中的CAPA流程通常包括以下幾個步驟：首先，識別問題并收集相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)和信息；其次，對問題進(jìn)行分析和評估，確定問題的根本原因；然后，制定具體的糾正措施和預(yù)防措施，并明確實施計劃和責(zé)任分配；接著，實施糾正措施和預(yù)防措施，并進(jìn)行監(jiān)控和跟蹤；最后，對實施效果進(jìn)行評估和總結(jié)，以確保問題得到徹底解決。

例如，如果藥企在產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量檢測中發(fā)現(xiàn)某批次藥品的純度不符合要求，就會啟動CAPA流程。通過對生產(chǎn)過程、原材料、工藝參數(shù)等方面的調(diào)查和分析，找到純度不合格的原因可能是原材料供應(yīng)商的問題。然后，藥企會制定糾正措施，如更換合格的原材料供應(yīng)商，并實施預(yù)防措施，如加強對原材料的質(zhì)量監(jiān)控和檢驗，以防止類似問題再次發(fā)生。

總之，藥企中的CAPA是一個重要的質(zhì)量管理工具，它能夠幫助藥企及時發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、消除潛在風(fēng)險、提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，從而確?；颊叩挠盟幇踩?。通過有效的CAPA管理，藥企可以不斷提升自身的質(zhì)量管理水平，提高市場競爭力。