?facilitated

facilitated發(fā)音

[fə'siliteit]

英：　　美：

facilitated中文意思翻譯

vt.促進(jìn), 幫助, 使 ... 容易

facilitated詞形變化

動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞: facilitating | 動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù): facilitates | 形容詞: facilitative | 名詞: facilita-tor | 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞: facilitated | 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式: facilitated |

facilitated常見(jiàn)例句

1 、The Kentucky Horse Park (KHP), covering a broad area of 1032 acres, is facilitated with sophisticated horse track, horse auction house, horse hospital and so on.───大小約1000多家馬場(chǎng)，及占地面積1032英畝的世界馬公園大到讓人覺(jué)得空曠，設(shè)備精良的賽馬場(chǎng)、拍馬會(huì)、馬醫(yī)院等一應(yīng)俱全。

2 、The talk covered about a major trans-national financial crime investigation and another local financial crime case, both of which were facilitated by corruption.───并介紹了一宗跨國(guó)及一宗本地金融罪案,而兩者均涉及貪污。

3 、The ATAM process is a short, facilitated interaction between multiple stakeholders, leading to the identification of risks, sensitivities, and tradeoffs.───ATAM過(guò)程是角色之間交流的一個(gè)方便、快捷的手段,便于發(fā)現(xiàn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)和折中。

4 、WU Li-guang, SHEN jiang-nan, CHEN Huan-lin, GAO Cong-jie, CO2 Facilitated Transport through Membrane of Acrylamide and Maleic Anhydride Copolymer, ICOM 2005.───吳禮光，沈江南，陳歡林，高從堦,固載促進(jìn)傳遞膜的研究進(jìn)展,膜科學(xué)與技術(shù)（待發(fā)表）

5 、The vast and productive land of North America has also enriched and facilitated the modernization of China through its essences.───北美這塊廣袤無(wú)垠又富饒的土地,也以其精華滋潤(rùn)和促進(jìn)了中國(guó)的現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程。

6 、How musical composition, performance, learning, and expression can be facilitated for professionals and amateurs through the design of new interfaces.───如何藉著新介面的設(shè)計(jì),協(xié)助專業(yè)或業(yè)馀工作者音樂(lè)作曲,演奏,音樂(lè)學(xué)習(xí),與音樂(lè)呈現(xiàn)。

7 、They were so happy after they questioned these painful thoughts, and it was a relief to some of them.Some even shed tears when I facilitated them on the turnarounds.───他們質(zhì)問(wèn)過(guò)這些痛苦的想法之后，都非常高興，因?yàn)槟承┤藖?lái)說(shuō)是一種解脫，甚至有些人在我協(xié)助他們做反向思考時(shí)淚流滿面。

8 、WWF and our partners have facilitated the reconnection of 17 lakes to the Yangtze River, infusing new life to its fragile freshwater ecosystem.───與合作伙伴共同努力，恢復(fù)了17個(gè)湖泊與長(zhǎng)江的連通，令長(zhǎng)江中游的淡水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)重現(xiàn)生機(jī)。

9 、The work done by patent examiners would be facilitated and in turn much stronger patents would be obtained.───專利審查員的工作將更加便利,并且反過(guò)來(lái)獲取更強(qiáng)的專利。

10 、The meetings were facilitated by a non-governmental think tank, which also had representatives at the discussions.───會(huì)議被一個(gè)非政府的智囊團(tuán)推動(dòng),在討論上也有代表.

11 、and in that you facilitated my own process.─── 還有你對(duì)我工作過(guò)程的助益

12 、General regions, such as Wernicke's area, can be ascribed broad function, and this view facilitated examination of brain function and dysfunction.───一般區(qū)域，例如：魏尼凱氏區(qū)域能被描述為寬廣的作用。

13 、Acute Coronary Syndrome: Fibrinolysis? PCI or Facilitated PCI?───急性冠狀動(dòng)脈綜合征：溶栓、PCI、還是易化PCI？

14 、From June 2000 to May 2002 an estimated 150 people collaborated through a facilitated online exchange engaging thousands of thinking and discussion hours.───從2000年六月到2002年五月大約有150人在網(wǎng)路上透過(guò)遠(yuǎn)距離的引導(dǎo)與交流,納入了數(shù)千個(gè)思考及討論的時(shí)數(shù)。

15 、SPRC offers member companies facilitated access to Stan...───主要研究方向有集成光學(xué)，納米光學(xué)，激光等。

16 、The broken lock facilitated my entrance into the empty house.───壞了的門鎖使我毫不費(fèi)力地進(jìn)入那所空房子。

17 、Facilitated by modern information technology, financial intermediation, apart from retail banking, need not be organised on location.───在現(xiàn)代資訊科技的協(xié)助下,除了零售銀行業(yè)之外,金融中介活動(dòng)并沒(méi)有地域上的限制。

18 、All participants were impressed with the bar set-up which had a futurist design that facilitated teaching and is appropriate for international bartending competitions.───出席典禮的各界人士都對(duì)博偉國(guó)際教育集團(tuán)設(shè)計(jì)的酒吧樣板室留下了深刻的印象。該酒吧樣板室設(shè)計(jì)先進(jìn)，布局合理，適合教學(xué)，引領(lǐng)國(guó)際調(diào)酒潮流。

19 、Having sympathetic warders facilitated one of our most vital tasks on Robben Island: communication.───取得獄吏們的同情有利于我們交流信息，這是在羅賓島上進(jìn)行的多種要?jiǎng)?wù)之一。

20 、Application of a conventional MALDI matrix facilitated desorption and ionization of peptides and proteins for molecular weight determination of the separated compounds.───使用傳統(tǒng)的MALDI基質(zhì)利于肽段和蛋白質(zhì)的解吸和離子化，從而可進(jìn)行被分離分子的分子量測(cè)定。

21 、Meanwhile, this document facilitated has occurred together in addition in Jiangxi Shangrao's slum joint robbery smooth uncovering.───與此同時(shí)，此案又促成了另一起發(fā)生在江西上饒的珠寶店劫案的順利破獲。

22 、The use of microwave heating apparently facilitated the one-pot reaction in this case.───利用微波加熱顯然有助于一鍋反應(yīng)此事.

23 、Use dynamic action verbs such as: accomplished, collaborated, encouraged, established, facilitated, founded, managed, etc.───使用動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞，如：成就，合作，鼓勵(lì)，建立，推動(dòng)，成立，管理等

24 、For example, UNICEF facilitated a conference in Afghanistan in April 2002 that addressed problems of water management for domestic water supply, agriculture and hydropower.───例 如，兒童基金會(huì)于2002 年4 月在阿富汗協(xié)助舉辦了 一次會(huì)議，論述家庭供水、農(nóng)業(yè)和水電的水管理問(wèn)題。

25 、The political consciousness and modern knowledge expected to be acquired by modern citizens are formed or facilitated by the compulsory education.───一個(gè)現(xiàn)代國(guó)家的公民所被期望具備的政治意識(shí)與現(xiàn)代知識(shí)平臺(tái)，都透過(guò)義務(wù)教育被打造或被催化。

26 、You're here being charged with helping facilitate his murder.─── 你現(xiàn)在被指控的罪名是協(xié)助對(duì)他的謀殺

27 、Research universities, represented by Berlin University, facilitated the prosperity of Germany and helped realize the modernization of German mode of university.───以柏林大學(xué)為代表的研究性文理大學(xué)和工科大學(xué)促進(jìn)了德意志民族的振興 ,同時(shí)也實(shí)現(xiàn)了德國(guó)大學(xué)向現(xiàn)代化模式的轉(zhuǎn)化

28 、This study also utilizes the EWMA model to carry out feasibility studies under the currently facilitated lowest margin.───再者，本文根據(jù)EWMA模型進(jìn)一步分析現(xiàn)行最低擔(dān)保維持率的適合度。

29 、A trilingual discussion (ie Mandarin, Cantonese and English) on the topic of how creative industry influences the community was facilitated by two senior YHA leaders.───午餐后，大家進(jìn)行兩文三語(yǔ)（即普通話、廣東話和英語(yǔ)）交流討論。

30 、The knowledge on structure and function of TRP family proteins has significantly facilitated the illustration of the molecular mechanism of sensory physiology.───TRP結(jié)構(gòu)與功能的深入研究為闡明感覺(jué)生理功能的分子機(jī)制提供了重要線索。

31 、In this large-animal model, magnetocapsules could be precisely targeted for infusion by using magnetic resonance fluoroscopy, whereas MRI facilitated monitoring of liver engraftment over time.───在豬這種大的動(dòng)物模型身上，磁性微囊借助磁共振熒光鏡透視檢查能夠精確地到達(dá)靶目標(biāo)，而磁共振成像則能夠持續(xù)檢測(cè)微囊在肝臟的**。

32 、"It helps the group and personally does not scare me. If we train at our best, the coach is facilitated in the choices.───“（競(jìng)爭(zhēng)）是對(duì)整個(gè)隊(duì)伍有利的，就我個(gè)人而言，這可嚇不倒我。只要好好訓(xùn)練，教練自然會(huì)容易做出選擇?！?/p>

33 、Export by foreign-invested enterprises will be facilitated and they are encouraged to expand their export by fully using their sales channels and network.───促進(jìn)外商投資企業(yè)出口便利化，引導(dǎo)外商投資企業(yè)充分利用其銷售渠道和網(wǎng)絡(luò)擴(kuò)大出口。

34 、Like many esoteric pursuits, this has been facilitated by the internet.───像好多神秘的追求嗜好一樣，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)也已經(jīng)為此提供了便利。

35 、The discovery of a drug for the treatment of,or vaccination against,a disease is greatly facilitated if there is an animal model (an animal that mimics the behavior or responses of the human body) for testing the effectiveness of the drug.───如果有一種能用于檢驗(yàn)藥效的動(dòng)物模型(一種能模擬或反應(yīng)人體行為的動(dòng)物)，那么發(fā)現(xiàn)治療和免疫疾病的藥物將大為簡(jiǎn)化。

36 、The investigation of dark nebulas has been facilitated by a new discovery .───對(duì)暗星云的研究被一種新發(fā)現(xiàn)所推進(jìn)。

37 、You may find that although they experienced the healing you facilitated they couldn't grasp the concept intellectually, they feared it.───你可能發(fā)現(xiàn)雖然他們經(jīng)歷了你的幫助在他們的療愈上，但是他們無(wú)法在智力上掌握概念，他們恐懼它。

38 、Operative exposure and instrumentation were significantly facilitated by specific modifications of retractor/access port systems, surgical instruments, and implants.───我們使用一種新型的中空萬(wàn)向器械系統(tǒng)，來(lái)進(jìn)行單側(cè)經(jīng)椎弓根/椎板固定。

39 、To facilitate your transition back to life here.─── 幫你重新適應(yīng)在這里的生活

40 、Although the recent aailability of reference alues for this age group has facilitated clinical interpretation, there is still an unmet need for standardization.───盡管最近的該年齡組參考值有效性使得臨床解釋變得容易，但是仍不能滿足標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的需要。

41 、For example, ranking by object specificness, keyword length, lexicographical order, or similarity, can be facilitated without global statistics.───例如，查詢結(jié)果可以依照物件的明確程度、關(guān)鍵詞長(zhǎng)度、字典順序、或是相似度來(lái)進(jìn)行排序，而不需經(jīng)過(guò)全域統(tǒng)計(jì)的方式來(lái)完成。

42 、Balint facilitated positively the development of theory of Object Relation theoretically and practically.───巴林特從理論上和實(shí)踐上都積極推進(jìn)了客體關(guān)系理論的發(fā)展。

43 、Housework is facilitated with the advent of modern inventions.───41隨著現(xiàn)代化發(fā)明的出現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)化了家務(wù)事.

44 、The lax monetary policies facilitated this excess spending, while the housing bubble was the vehicle through which it worked.───寬松的貨幣政策促進(jìn)了超額的消費(fèi)，同時(shí)房產(chǎn)泡沫成為此事件運(yùn)行的引擎。

45 、After LC lesion, spontaneous discharges of 45% (5/11) NGC neurons facilitated and nociceptive responses of 67% ( 4/6 ) NGC neurons increased too.───3)損毀LC后,有45%(5/11個(gè))傷害性神經(jīng)元自發(fā)放電增加,67%(4/6個(gè))傷害性神經(jīng)元傷害性反應(yīng)強(qiáng)度增加,且電刺激原LC位點(diǎn)的抑制作用減弱或消失。

46 、Because I want to facilitate a solution.─── 因?yàn)槲蚁Ｍ贸鲆粋€(gè)解決方案

47 、The sentimentalism novel, together with other novel types, has facilitated the Chinese novel narrative from the tradition to the modern.───感傷主義**與其他**類型一道，促成了中國(guó)**敘事形式由傳統(tǒng)向現(xiàn)代的轉(zhuǎn)變。

48 、Hazel wanted it and I facilitated it.─── 哈澤爾希冀如此 我提供了幫助

49 、The Internet has facilitated the communication among people, widened their horizons and enriched their life.───互聯(lián)網(wǎng)便利了人們的溝通，開(kāi)拓了人們的視野，豐富了人們的生活。

50 、and figured out how to facilitate a similar incident.─── 想出了制造一場(chǎng)類似事故的方法

51 、Dotted distribution of agricultural and sideline products which has greatly facilitated the township, the masses.───農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品集散地點(diǎn)綴其間，極大地方便了全鄉(xiāng)群眾。

52 、Where the broker facilitated the formation of the proposed contract, the brokerage expenses shall be borne by itself.───居間人促成合同成立的，居間活動(dòng)的費(fèi)用，由居間人負(fù)擔(dān)。

53 、But inopportune is, internet also facilitated at present the happening of credit crisis.───但不巧的是，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)也促成了目前信貸危機(jī)的發(fā)生。

54 、And to facilitate one, he gave me this.─── 在一號(hào)樓里他把這個(gè)給了我

55 、Looking back, their marriage was doomed from the start, a fast-tracked union facilitated by the Vietnam War during a time of extreme geopolitical uncertainty.───回過(guò)頭看，他們的婚姻從一開(kāi)始就注定要失敗，那是在政治極其動(dòng)蕩的年代中，越戰(zhàn)促成的倉(cāng)促結(jié)合。

56 、Traditionally, online collaborative efforts have been facilitated with groupware applications, such as Lotus Notes, Novell GroupWise, or Microsoft Exchange.───傳統(tǒng)上，在線協(xié)作工作是用諸如lotus的Notes、Novell的GroupWise或Microsoft的Exchange一類群件的應(yīng)用程序完成的。

57 、With DSP/BIOS of RTOS applied, the adjustment and evaluation of real-time program for ECG are facilitated and the program stability is enhanced.───應(yīng)用DSP/BIOS進(jìn)行心電實(shí)時(shí)程序研究，降低了程序設(shè)計(jì)的難度，提高了程序的穩(wěn)定性，方便程序的調(diào)試和測(cè)評(píng)，可以在相關(guān)實(shí)時(shí)系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)中應(yīng)用。

58 、I am more than confident that we'll be able to facilitate your... rehabilitation.─── 我萬(wàn)分自信我們能夠 協(xié)助你...恢復(fù)精神

59 、On August 7th Georgian and South Ossetian officials were due to have direct talks facilitated by a Russian diplomat.───8月7日，格魯吉亞和南奧塞梯官員在俄國(guó)外交人員調(diào)停下舉行會(huì)談。

60 、Mounting and dismounting of bearings on withdrawal sleeves can be facilitated considerably by using a hydraulic nut (fig 2).───使用液壓螺母(圖2)可相當(dāng)方便地在退卸套上裝拆軸承。

61 、Third, the modification function of adverbs facilitated the formation of the negative adverb "mo".───副詞的修飾限制作用進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)了否定詞“莫”，的產(chǎn)生。

62 、Empowering individuals and advocacy organizations, through facilitated and informal forums, conferences and information exchanges, will build a powerful network of communities.───我們?nèi)スぷ?，并且建立一個(gè)以消費(fèi)者鼓吹者為基因信息，服務(wù)和政策發(fā)展的中心的系統(tǒng)，這是我們的責(zé)任。

63 、The procedure of filing an application for trademark registration is facilitated by the Hungarian Patent Office. The details of the procedure are regulated by law. This refers also to the Court procedures.───商標(biāo)注冊(cè)申請(qǐng)程序由匈牙利專利局進(jìn)行,申請(qǐng)程序的細(xì)則由法律規(guī)定,這也包括了法院的程序。

64 、For this project to be successful we need adequate EU finance and adequate financing for future power stations facilitated by an expanded EU emissions trading scheme.───為使這一項(xiàng)目得以成功,我們需要?dú)W盟提供充足的資金支持和適當(dāng)?shù)娜谫Y手段,以便將來(lái)在歐盟排放貿(mào)易方案框架下發(fā)展新型電站。

65 、AGI facilitated the development of the business management, functional and marketing strategies for the corporate.───AGI幫助公司制定經(jīng)營(yíng)管理、職能性和營(yíng)銷策略。

66 、The workshop was facilitated by Mr Nigel Knight and his assistant Ms Jane Ho acting as volunteers, and the Council appreciated their valuable service.───工作坊在黎俊偉先生及其助手何子青女士義務(wù)協(xié)助下進(jìn)行,法援局對(duì)他們的慷慨協(xié)助表示謝意。

67 、The liaison with scientists working on the same or allied problems will be facilitated.───同從事相同或類似課題研究的科學(xué)家們的合作會(huì)更加方便。

68 、The stowing process is facilitated by headrests that flip down into the seat backs, a solution that also allows taller-than-normal seat backs for greater support.───在充填過(guò)程促進(jìn)了頭枕的萬(wàn)幸下到座椅靠背，一個(gè)解決方案，也允許身高比正常的更大支持，座椅靠背。

69 、Israelis have facilitated greater freedom of movement for the Palestinians.───以色列方面則擴(kuò)大了巴勒斯坦人的行動(dòng)自由。

70 、The development of multimedia and network has greatly facilitated the reform in college English teaching.───多媒體和網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的發(fā)展有力地推動(dòng)著大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)改革。

71 、Where the intermediator has facilitated the conclusion of the contract, the expenses for the intermediate service shall be borne by the intermediator.───居間人促成合同成立的,居間活動(dòng)的費(fèi)用,由居間人負(fù)擔(dān)。

72 、His father's connections facilitated his employment.───他父親的關(guān)系使他容易受雇 [找到工作] 。

73 、The stimulation of habenular nucleus, perhaps through the intermediate neurons, facilitated the spontaneous firings of LC.───4.刺激緩核(可能通過(guò)中間神經(jīng)元)加強(qiáng)藍(lán)斑細(xì)胞的自發(fā)放電。

74 、Namely such manner and positive attitude, those who facilitated to cooperate this is germinant.───也就是這樣的態(tài)度和積極的態(tài)度，促成了這次合作的開(kāi)端。

75 、It was she who facilitated office work.───因?yàn)槿俗鳛橹髡Z(yǔ)根本不能使用。

76 、Effective shareholder participation in key corporate governance decisions, such as the nomination and election of board members, should be facilitated.───應(yīng)協(xié)助股東有效參與公司重要的治理決策，諸如：董事的提名和選舉。

77 、Forty-two persons were arrested for an alleged bribery facilitated scam to deceive government subsidies under the Funding Scheme for Workplace English Training.───廉政公署拘捕四十二人,懷疑他們涉及貪污,并詐騙政府職業(yè)英語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)資助計(jì)劃的資助。

78 、We evolved as a social primate species whose language ability facilitated the exchange of such association anecdotes.───我們演化為社會(huì)靈長(zhǎng)類，語(yǔ)言能力使得這樣的聯(lián)想軼事流通。

79 、Each murder was meant to facilitate a heist.─── 每起謀殺都是為劫案做鋪墊

80 、Property rights were thus essential to the economic growth equation, because property rights created markets, and property rights facilitated rational methods for distributing goods.───因此,財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)是經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)等式的基本要素,因?yàn)樨?cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)可以創(chuàng)造市場(chǎng),而且財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)有利于商品的合理分配。

81 、Meanwhile, CDO strives to provide multiple levels of recruitment services which have facilitated employers in making their recruiting process easier and more efficiently.───同時(shí)，中心也致力于為招聘企業(yè)提供多樣化的招聘服務(wù)，使企業(yè)的招聘更有效的進(jìn)行。

82 、In Italian teaching period once was Head Coach vara club, was precisely she brings both sides together has facilitated trip of the Feng Kun this time Italy.───在意大利執(zhí)教期間曾經(jīng)擔(dān)任諾瓦拉俱樂(lè)部的主教練，正是她從中牽線搭橋促成了馮坤此次的意大利之行。

83 、In line with the preparation of the IP strategy, Kenya facilitated by WIPO, had undertaken an audit of the IP situation in the country.───在制定知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)戰(zhàn)略過(guò)程中,肯尼亞在WIPO幫助下,審查了本國(guó)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)狀況。

84 、The inspired air flowing through the superior nasal meatus results in a negative pressure.This force drags in tear flow which is facilitated by mucociliary apparatus.───吸氣時(shí)，經(jīng)由上鼻道之氣流，于瘺管開(kāi)口形成負(fù)壓，此力量將淚液曳引流入上鼻道，同時(shí)由黏膜纖毛之組識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)助暢其流。

85 、The Appellant facilitated the setting up of an independent committee comprised of local residents to run the hall as a village hall for the benefit of the local community.───上訴人推動(dòng)成立一個(gè)由當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窠M成的獨(dú)立委員會(huì)來(lái)使大樓成為代表當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)利益的村政廳。

86 、At last, the establishment of educational collectivizes will be facilitated in a mature collectivize management mode on the basis of developing the kindergarten sensibly.───在適度發(fā)展園所規(guī)模的基礎(chǔ)上，以成熟的集團(tuán)化管理模式催生幼兒園教育集團(tuán)的成立。

87 、Political agreements that facilitated troop withdrawals.───使撤軍更容易的政治協(xié)議

88 、During the same period, UN efforts in Afghanistan facilitated the establishment of an interim government and coordinated action by the UN system to rebuild that war-torn country.───同一期間，聯(lián)合國(guó)幫助阿富汗建立了臨時(shí)政府， 并協(xié)調(diào)了聯(lián)合國(guó)系統(tǒng)重建這個(gè)受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)破壞的國(guó)家的行動(dòng)。

89 、Foster a high integrity department, treating all associates with respect, keeping confidences, and ensuring that diversity is accepted and facilitated within the department.───培養(yǎng)高度正直的部門，尊重所有同事，保持信心，包容并善用差異。

高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田的介紹？

高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田（ well-facilitated farmland ）是指土地平整、集中連片、設(shè)施完善、農(nóng)電配套、土壤肥沃、生態(tài)良好、抗災(zāi)能力強(qiáng)，與現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)營(yíng)方式相適應(yīng)的旱澇保收、高產(chǎn)穩(wěn)產(chǎn)，劃定為永久基本農(nóng)田的耕地。

論文[]里的字母代表什么？

J——期刊文章

M——專著（含古籍中的史、志論著）

參考文獻(xiàn)的類型

根據(jù)GB3469-83《文獻(xiàn)類型與文獻(xiàn)載體代碼》規(guī)定，以單字母標(biāo)識(shí)：

M——專著（含古籍中的史、志論著）

C——論文集

N——報(bào)紙文章

J——期刊文章

D——學(xué)位論文

R——研究報(bào)告

S——標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

P——專利

A——專著、論文集中的析出文獻(xiàn)

Z——其他未說(shuō)明的文獻(xiàn)類型

電子文獻(xiàn)類型以雙字母作為標(biāo)識(shí)：

DB——數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

CP——計(jì)算機(jī)程序

EB——電子公告

非紙張型載體電子文獻(xiàn)，在參考文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)中同時(shí)標(biāo)明其載體類型：

DB/OL——聯(lián)機(jī)網(wǎng)上的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

DB/MT——磁帶數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

M/CD——光盤圖書

CP/DK——磁盤軟件

J/OL——網(wǎng)上期刊

EB/OL——網(wǎng)上電子公告

一、參考文獻(xiàn)著錄格式

1、期刊作者．題名〔J〕．刊名，出版年，卷(期)∶起止頁(yè)碼

2、專著作者．書名〔M〕．版本(第一版不著錄)．出版地∶出版者，出版年∶起止頁(yè)碼

3、論文集作者．題名〔C〕．編者．論文集名，出版地∶出版者，出版年∶起止頁(yè)碼

4、學(xué)位論文作者．題名〔D〕．保存地點(diǎn)．保存單位．年份

5、專利文獻(xiàn)題名〔P〕．國(guó)別．專利文獻(xiàn)種類．專利號(hào)．出版日期

6、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編號(hào)．標(biāo)準(zhǔn)名稱〔S〕

7、報(bào)紙作者．題名〔N〕．報(bào)紙名．出版日期(版次)

8、報(bào)告作者．題名〔R〕．保存地點(diǎn)．年份

9、電子文獻(xiàn)作者．題名〔電子文獻(xiàn)及載體類型標(biāo)識(shí)〕．文獻(xiàn)出處，日期

二、文獻(xiàn)類型及其標(biāo)識(shí)

1、根據(jù)GB3469規(guī)定，各類常用文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)如下：

①期刊〔J〕

②專著〔M〕

③論文集〔C〕

④學(xué)位論文〔D〕

⑤專利〔P〕

⑥標(biāo)準(zhǔn)〔S〕

⑦報(bào)紙〔N〕

⑧技術(shù)報(bào)告〔R〕

2、電子文獻(xiàn)載體類型用雙字母標(biāo)識(shí)，具體如下：

①磁帶〔MT〕

②磁盤〔DK〕

③光盤〔CD〕

④聯(lián)機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)〔OL〕

3、電子文獻(xiàn)載體類型的參考文獻(xiàn)類型標(biāo)識(shí)方法為：〔文獻(xiàn)類型標(biāo)識(shí)/載體類型標(biāo)識(shí)〕。例如：

①聯(lián)機(jī)網(wǎng)上數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)〔DB/OL〕

②磁帶數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)〔DB/MT〕

③光盤圖書〔M/CD〕

④磁盤軟件〔CP/DK〕

⑤網(wǎng)上期刊〔J/OL〕

⑥網(wǎng)上電子公告〔EB/OL〕

三、舉例

1、期刊論文

〔1〕周慶榮，張澤廷，朱美文，等．固體溶質(zhì)在含夾帶劑超臨界流體中的溶解度〔J〕．化工學(xué)報(bào)，1995(3)：317—323

〔2〕DobbsJM,WongJM.Modificationofsupercriticalfluidphasebehaviorusingpolorcoselvent〔J〕.IndEngChemRes,1987,26:56

〔3〕劉仲能，金文清.合成醫(yī)藥中間體4-甲基咪唑的研究〔J〕.精細(xì)化工，2002(2)：103-105

〔4〕MesquitaAC,MoriMN,VieiraJM,etal．Vinylacetatepolymerizationbyionizingradiation〔J〕．RadiationPhysicsandChemistry,2002,63:465

2、專著

〔1〕蔣挺大．亮聚糖〔M〕．北京：化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社，2001．127

〔2〕KortunG．ReflectanceSpectroscopy〔M〕．NewYork:Spring-Verlag,1969

3、論文集

〔1〕郭宏，王熊，劉宗林．膜分離技術(shù)在大豆分離蛋白生產(chǎn)中綜合利用的研究〔C〕．//余立新．第三屆全國(guó)膜和膜過(guò)程學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告會(huì)議論文集．北京：高教出版社，1999．421-425

〔2〕EibenAE,vanderHauwJK．Solving3-SATwithadaptivegeneticalgorithms〔C〕．//Proc4thIEEEConfEvolutionaryComputation．Piscataway:IEEEPress,1997．81-86

4、學(xué)位論文

〔1〕陳金梅．氟石膏生產(chǎn)早強(qiáng)快硬水泥的試驗(yàn)研究（D）．西安：西安建筑科學(xué)大學(xué)，2000

〔2〕ChrisstoffelsLAJ．Carrier-facilitatedtransportasamechanistictoolinsupramolecularchemistry〔D〕．TheNetherland：TwenteUniversity．1988

5、專利文獻(xiàn)

〔1〕Hasegawa,Toshiyuki,Yoshida,etal．PaperCoatingcomposition〔P〕．EP0634524．1995-01-18

〔2〕仲前昌夫，佐藤壽昭．感光性樹(shù)脂〔P〕．日本，特開(kāi)平09-26667．1997-01-28

〔3〕YamaguchiK,HayashiA．Plantgrowthpromotorandproductionthereof〔P〕．Jpn,Jp1290606．

1999-11-22

〔4〕廈門大學(xué)．二烷氨基乙醇羧酸酯的制備方法〔P〕．中國(guó)發(fā)明專利，CN1073429．1993-06-23

6、技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文獻(xiàn)

〔1〕ISO1210-1982，塑料——小試樣接觸火焰法測(cè)定塑料燃燒性〔S〕

〔2〕GB2410-80，透明塑料透光率及霧度實(shí)驗(yàn)方法〔S〕

7、報(bào)紙

〔1〕陳志平．減災(zāi)設(shè)計(jì)研究新動(dòng)態(tài)〔N〕．科技日?qǐng)?bào)，1997-12-12(5)

8、報(bào)告

〔1〕中國(guó)機(jī)械工程學(xué)會(huì)．密相氣力輸送技術(shù)〔R〕．北京：1996

9、電子文獻(xiàn)

〔1〕萬(wàn)錦柔．中國(guó)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)論文文摘(1983-1993)〔DB/CD〕．北京：中國(guó)百科全書出版社，1996