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deferred tax assets(deferred tax中文翻譯,deferred tax是什么意思,deferred tax發(fā)音、用法及例句)

2025-09-02 投稿

deferred tax assets(deferred tax中文翻譯,deferred tax是什么意思,deferred tax發(fā)音、用法及例句)

1、deferred tax

deferred tax發(fā)音

英:  美:

deferred tax中文意思翻譯

常用釋義:延期稅:根據(jù)稅法規(guī)定

遞延所得稅,遞延稅金,緩付稅金

[稅收]遞延稅款

deferred tax雙語使用場(chǎng)景

1、One day, a partner came to me ask a question about US GAAP deferred tax accounting for one of his clients.───一天,一個(gè)合伙人為他的一位客戶過來問我一個(gè)關(guān)于美國公認(rèn)會(huì)計(jì)原則遞延稅務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)的問題。

2、That is because deferred tax assets can get written down if a company's future profit projections fall too low.───這是因?yàn)椋绻磥碛A(yù)期太低,遞延稅項(xiàng)資產(chǎn)可能會(huì)被減記。

3、Income tax The Group's income tax balance sum of the total current and deferred tax balances.───企業(yè)所得稅集團(tuán)的所得稅平衡的全流通和遞延所得稅平衡.

4、Explore the concepts of " Deferred Tax Liability " and " Deferred Tax Asset. "───理解 “ 遞延稅金負(fù)債 ” 和 “ 遞延稅金資產(chǎn) ” 的概念.

5、The deductible losses, which can be utilised against the future taxable profit in accordance with tax law, are regarded as temporary differences and a deferred tax asset is recognised accordingly.───對(duì)于按照稅法規(guī)定能夠于以后年度抵減應(yīng)納稅所得額的可抵扣虧損,視同暫時(shí)性差異確認(rèn)相應(yīng)的遞延所得稅資產(chǎn)。

deferred tax相似詞語短語

1、preferred lie───首選謊言

2、referred pain───[醫(yī)]牽涉性痛(不在痛源處的疼痛)

3、deferred share───延遲派息股;[金融]遞延付息股份;遞延股

4、deferred shares───遞延付息股份;紅利后取股

5、departure tax───離境稅

6、deferred───adj.延期的;v.推遲(defer的過去式及過去分詞形式)

7、deferred period───遞延期間

8、preferred stock───n.(美)[金融]優(yōu)先股

9、referred pains───[醫(yī)]牽涉性痛(不在痛源處的疼痛)

2、cfa一級(jí)財(cái)報(bào)如何復(fù)習(xí)?

財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表是CFA一級(jí)的考試重點(diǎn),內(nèi)容涉及三大會(huì)計(jì)報(bào)表,現(xiàn)金流量測(cè)控,養(yǎng)老會(huì)計(jì)、管理會(huì)計(jì)、稅收規(guī)避FACC等會(huì)計(jì)術(shù)語,考試難度不算大,考核方式也靈活。但是CFA一級(jí)中財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表是重點(diǎn)科目,占比考試20%左右的權(quán)重,權(quán)重較大,隨意大家要重視。

澤稷教育CFA名師CFA一級(jí)財(cái)報(bào)——杜邦記憶法解讀

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(一)CFA一級(jí)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表概念分析

財(cái)務(wù)分析:財(cái)務(wù)分析的目標(biāo)就是運(yùn)用公司財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表中的信息,以及其他相關(guān)的信息,來做出經(jīng)濟(jì)決策。例如, 是否投資于一個(gè)公司的股票或者是否把這個(gè)公司的股票推薦給它的投資者,是否與一個(gè)公司擴(kuò)大交易,是否對(duì)一個(gè)公司提供銀行信用。分析者使用財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表數(shù)據(jù)來評(píng)價(jià)一個(gè)公司過去的經(jīng)營表現(xiàn)和現(xiàn)在的財(cái)務(wù)狀況從而形成對(duì)于這個(gè)公司將來的盈利能力和產(chǎn)生現(xiàn)金流能力的看法。

財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表:財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表就是公司通過準(zhǔn)備和出示財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告的方式將其財(cái)務(wù)表現(xiàn)展示給投資者、債權(quán)人和其他利益相關(guān)者。

財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表附注特點(diǎn):財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表附注(Financialfootnotes)包括對(duì)于在財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表中綜合總結(jié)性信息的細(xì)節(jié)披露。財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表附注能夠有助于加強(qiáng)報(bào)表使用者對(duì)報(bào)表里面的數(shù)量、時(shí)間和各種不確定性的估計(jì)的準(zhǔn)確性。

提供關(guān)于會(huì)計(jì)方法和經(jīng)理所使用的會(huì)計(jì)假設(shè)和會(huì)計(jì)估計(jì)方法的信息必須接受審計(jì),而其他的一些披露內(nèi)容如輔助報(bào)表就不必被審計(jì)。提供諸如商業(yè)收購或處置,法律事件,雇員福利計(jì)劃,或有承諾,重要客戶、關(guān)聯(lián)方交易和公司分支機(jī)構(gòu)等方面的信息。

現(xiàn)金流量表的概念:現(xiàn)金流量表是以現(xiàn)金為基礎(chǔ)編制的財(cái)務(wù)狀況變動(dòng)表,以動(dòng)態(tài)地形式反映會(huì)計(jì)期間有關(guān)現(xiàn)金流入、現(xiàn)金流出及現(xiàn)金凈流量的相關(guān)信息。從不同角度彌補(bǔ)了資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表和利潤表所提供的相關(guān)信息不足。管理者及投資者可根據(jù)該表數(shù)據(jù)了解企業(yè)現(xiàn)金流量的影響因素,分析企業(yè)的支付能力、償債能力和盈利能力。

關(guān)于財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表之現(xiàn)金流量表分析的注意事項(xiàng):1、很多企業(yè)編現(xiàn)金流量表編制隨意,要判斷現(xiàn)金流量表是否準(zhǔn)確簡(jiǎn)單,需要關(guān)注投資活動(dòng)現(xiàn)金流量和籌資流量現(xiàn)金流量。

2、如果判斷要經(jīng)營性現(xiàn)金流量中項(xiàng)目質(zhì)量如何,需要關(guān)注支付的其他和收到的其他項(xiàng)目。

3、把現(xiàn)金流量表中支付給職工以及為職工支付的現(xiàn)金發(fā)生額除以這個(gè)企業(yè)的人數(shù)就能算出該企業(yè)平均工資了。

4、有一部分企業(yè)想隱藏利潤時(shí)會(huì)在年終預(yù)提一些應(yīng)付職工薪酬,與現(xiàn)金流量表對(duì)照一下,如果本年和上年支付的工資沒有太大變化,那應(yīng)付職工薪酬也不應(yīng)該有太大變化。

(二)CFA一級(jí)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表部分重難點(diǎn)介紹

1. Assume U.S. GAAP (generally accepted accounting principles) applies unless otherwise noted. A company entered into a three-year construction project with a total contract price of $5.3 million and expected cost of $4.4 million.

What is the cumulative effect of the contract on the cash balance that would have been recorded on the company's balance sheet at the end of Year 2 using the:

Correct answer = A The amount of cash recorded is identical for both methods and is equal to the total cash received less total costs incurred. At the end of Year 2, a total of $4 million had been billed and collected but only $3.6 million in costs had been incurred.

無論用哪種會(huì)計(jì)方法,并不影響現(xiàn)金流,影響的只是利潤的確定?,F(xiàn)金流是按照真實(shí)的現(xiàn)金流入流出來確定的。第一年的現(xiàn)金流量表上有現(xiàn)金的流入$600,000,第二年有現(xiàn)金流出$200,000,所以在第二年年末的時(shí)候現(xiàn)金流量表上的余額是$400,000。

2. 如果當(dāng)estimate useful life 變長(zhǎng)和salvage value變大的情況下,relative life變小。

Solution:這個(gè)表述修改為relative life變小。我們有一個(gè)公式是這樣的

estimate useful life變長(zhǎng)和salvage value變大的情況,根據(jù)ST的公式,depreciation會(huì)變小。accumulated 自然會(huì)變小。根據(jù)公式使得relative life變小。

3. Assume U.S. GAAP (generally accepted accounting principles) applies unless otherwise noted. The Regional Bank of Australia receives interest income on the loans it has outstanding. Durango Manufacturing Inc. also receives interest income on some surplus funds they currently have invested in corporate bonds. For each company, respectively, the interest income they receive would be classified as which type of business activity for financial reporting purposes?

Correct answer = B 很多考生質(zhì)疑,為什么制造公司的利息收入答案選擇的是投資活動(dòng)現(xiàn)金流量。那么這道題目的考點(diǎn)不是在考現(xiàn)金流的歸類,我們看下題目中的問題:the interest income they receive would be classified as which type of business activity for financial reporting purposes。這個(gè)問題問的是在income statement中,這個(gè)行為是應(yīng)該記為operating item還是nonoperating item?

在原版書第三冊(cè)中說道:對(duì)于nonfinancing company,所有的interest和dividend都是被看做nonoperating item;但是financing firm,都是視為operating item。這道題目的考點(diǎn)不是cash flow statement中的那些經(jīng)營性,投資性行為,而是for financial reporting purposes,在I/S報(bào)表中是operating item還是nonoperating item。

4. 收入的確認(rèn)方法補(bǔ)充

1) Under U.S. GAAP

對(duì)于long term contract,可以選用POC和CC——此處定為考點(diǎn),請(qǐng)重點(diǎn)掌握。對(duì)于short term contract,可以選用一手交錢,一手交貨;installment sales或者是cost recovery。

2) Under IFRS,對(duì)于long term contract,只有POC那么如果遇到長(zhǎng)期合同,與美國準(zhǔn)則下CC相似的情況,在國際準(zhǔn)則下選用收入的確認(rèn)不超過成本,最后才確認(rèn)毛利。其它與美國準(zhǔn)則一樣。

3) 那么installment sales和cost recovery如何區(qū)分假如:ABC firm considered the initial investment by the buyer was not substantial enough to warrant full recognition of the gain。

If the recovery of cost is assured if default.也就是說就算是default,公司也能確認(rèn)cost是可以recovery的。所以題目中有這樣的描述就是installment sales;

如果沒有這樣的描述,那么就是cost recovery。Cost recovery較謹(jǐn)慎。例:Assume U.S. GAAP (generally accepted accounting principles) applies unless otherwise noted. On June 15, 2007, a short term agreement was entered in to sell the property and automatic equipment of ABC firm for USD 100,000. As the result of this sale, the subsidiary will no longer offer sales of title insurance or real estate closing servicing. ABC firm considered the initial investment by the buyer was not substantial enough to warrant full recognition of the gain. However, the recovery of the cost of the property is reasonably assured if the buyer defaults. Which of the revenue recognition method will be the most appropriate?用installment sales method

5. FCFF的計(jì)算

考試時(shí)請(qǐng)看清題目中給的提示:如果是在IFRS下,題目中又說了,int. exp不是作為CFO的,那么在公式中就不需要加int(1-t)

6. 什么是non-cash charge——關(guān)鍵就是看有沒有現(xiàn)金流

1) Assume U.S. GAAP (generally accepted accounting principles) applies unless otherwise noted. Schneider Candy Company sold long-term notes receivable to Amerisoft, and simultaneously bought a fixed asset from Amerisoft, which both assets have the same fair value. Which of the following statement is most likely accurate?

這個(gè)題目說的是賣掉long-term notes receivable,即刻買固定資產(chǎn),是對(duì)于同一個(gè)企業(yè)Amerisoft,所以this transaction does not affect cash flow statement; it could be listed in the footnotes in the cash flow statement.

2)假設(shè)改成Schneider Candy Company issued bond using proceeds to bought a fixed asset from Amerisoft, which both assets have the same fair value. Which of the following statement is most likely accurate?

這個(gè)題目說的是issued bond,proceeds(有現(xiàn)金流了)后購買固定資產(chǎn),所以肯定存在現(xiàn)金流,是CFF增加,CFI減小。就算是對(duì)于同樣一個(gè)公司,也一樣是產(chǎn)生了現(xiàn)金流.

3)假設(shè)Issue bond use acquired to purchase plant這個(gè)動(dòng)作沒有現(xiàn)金流的流進(jìn)流出,是not affect cash flow statement.

4)還有一種是Issue bond use proceeds to repurchase stock這個(gè)動(dòng)作是一部分CFF減少;還有一部分CFF的增加

7. revaluation和reverse

1) U.S. GAAP:對(duì)于任何資產(chǎn)都沒有revaluation,特殊——有活躍的交易市場(chǎng)的礦藏,貴金屬,森林,農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品

2) IFRS:都可以revaluation,特殊——inventory,但是inventory里的有活躍交易市場(chǎng)的礦藏可以

3) U.S. GAAP:所有資產(chǎn)都沒不能reverse,特殊——held for sale的資產(chǎn)

4) IFRS:都可以reverse,特殊——inventory只能回轉(zhuǎn)到Book Value,但inventory里的有活躍交易市場(chǎng)的礦藏可以回轉(zhuǎn)到Fair Value。

(三)CFA一級(jí)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表重點(diǎn)解析方法

在做現(xiàn)金流量表編制的相關(guān)題目時(shí),對(duì)于新手而言,有時(shí)候很難一下子判斷出各類資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表的增加或減少對(duì)于現(xiàn)金流量的影響。在這里,我們介紹三種不同的方法進(jìn)行快速判斷。比如:應(yīng)收賬款增加100元,對(duì)于經(jīng)營現(xiàn)金流的影響是增加還是減少呢?

方法一:邏輯推算法

公司應(yīng)收賬款的增加說明別人欠本公司的錢增加了,換而言之就是本公司在當(dāng)期應(yīng)該有更多的錢但實(shí)際沒有收到,因此是一種現(xiàn)金收入的減少。所以應(yīng)收賬款增加100元,體現(xiàn)在經(jīng)營現(xiàn)金流量表中是-100元。

方法二:基本公式法

基本公式:Asset=Liability Equity

變形公式:

Cash non cash asset=Liability Equity

Cash=-non cash asset Liability Equity

從上述公式,顯而易見,非現(xiàn)金資產(chǎn)(紅色部分)的增加對(duì)現(xiàn)金流產(chǎn)生減少的影響,而負(fù)債及權(quán)益(藍(lán)色部分)的增加對(duì)現(xiàn)金流產(chǎn)生增加的影響。因此,應(yīng)收賬款增加100元,體現(xiàn)在經(jīng)營現(xiàn)金流量表是-100元。

方法三:口訣法

資產(chǎn)增加是花錢,現(xiàn)金減少用減號(hào)

資產(chǎn)減少是賣錢,現(xiàn)金增加用加號(hào)

負(fù)債增加是借錢,現(xiàn)金增加用加號(hào)

負(fù)債減少是還錢,現(xiàn)金減少用減號(hào)

對(duì)應(yīng)上述口訣,應(yīng)收賬款增加100元,是資產(chǎn)的增加,代表現(xiàn)金的減少,因此在現(xiàn)金流量表中用-100來表示。

(四)CFA考生對(duì)財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表的認(rèn)識(shí)

主要知識(shí)點(diǎn)有:Session 7 主要講的IFRS 和 U.S. GAAP在不同情況下的區(qū)別,還有各種statements的元素構(gòu)成。

Session 8 就是集中在Income statement, Balance Sheet, Cash flow statement 和各種Ratio analysis。

這一章節(jié)需要注意知識(shí)點(diǎn)是Revenue & Expense recognition, Basic and Dilute EPS, Goodwill; Trading, Holding to maturity and Available for sale securities, 然后cash flow statement中重點(diǎn)要會(huì)Direct & Indirect method, 以及兩者之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)化。Ratio analysis中需要注意ROE中Basic & Extended DuPont equation以及四大Ratio: Activity, Liquidity, Solvency and Profitability ratios。

Session 9 這部分是個(gè)硬骨頭,真的不好啃,知識(shí)點(diǎn)也是灰常灰常集中。

ⅰ. Inventories這一小節(jié)中,需要懂得inventory valuation method 在IFRS和GAAP兩種準(zhǔn)則下的庫存定價(jià)方式,然后是FIFO/LIFO對(duì)報(bào)表中四大ratio的影響,接下來就要熟練地將基于LIFO會(huì)計(jì)假設(shè)的報(bào)表數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)化成基于FIFO的情況,了解LIFO reserve 和 LIFO liquidation。

ⅱ. Long-lived Assets中首先要了解Capitalization & Expense 對(duì)net income, stockholder’s equity, cash flow 以及對(duì)四大financial ratios的影響,然后就是software development and research & development,Depreciation method, Asset retirement obligation對(duì)ratios的影響。最后要注意的就是虛幻的goodwill了,Impairment of goodwill。

ⅲ. Income Taxes, 這一部分重點(diǎn)是在各種情況下學(xué)會(huì)判定deferred tax asset 和 deferred tax liability。

ⅳ. Long term Liability and leases這一小節(jié)是極度繁瑣,首先公司發(fā)行premium and discount bond對(duì)各種ratios的影響,convertible debts and debts with warrants。在Lessee一方看來,operating和finance lease對(duì)各種財(cái)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)的影響,然后,在lesser一方看來,sale-type and direct financing lease, operating lease對(duì)financial ratios和cash flows的影響。最后,off-balance-sheet financing,footnotes disclosures.

尤其需要認(rèn)真掌握注意的點(diǎn)有:各種計(jì)價(jià)方法,LIFO和FIFO,2個(gè)lease,資本化和費(fèi)用化,回購和分股利,折舊和攤銷,存貨,無形資產(chǎn),長(zhǎng)期資產(chǎn)revaluation model,折舊方法,tax rate的變化,折價(jià)和溢價(jià)債券,funded status,幾種改變現(xiàn)金流的方法,3種security的會(huì)計(jì)處理,GAAP和IFRS的區(qū)別,這些都是財(cái)報(bào)的重中之重,常常會(huì)把這些東西的變化和替換與財(cái)報(bào)上的科目和比率的變化聯(lián)系起來。

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